森林土壤氧化亚氮排放对磷添加响应的研究进展

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210617

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

氧化亚氮（N₂O）是大气中的主要温室气体之一，其浓度上升会加剧全球变暖。森林土壤在调解大气N₂O浓度中发挥着至关重要的作用，近年来，为了提高森林生产力，磷（P）肥使用量逐年增加；然而，与氮沉降或氮添加对森林土壤N₂O排放的影响相比，人们对P添加如何影响森林土壤N₂O排放的认识还十分有限。本研究综述森林土壤N₂O排放对P添加的响应及其作用机制。由于植物和土壤微生物（微生物量、群落组成和微生物活性）对P添加的响应存在差异，致使森林土壤N₂O排放对P添加的响应呈促进、抑制和无影响3种结果。总体而言，P添加可缓解植物和土壤微生物的P限制，土壤N₂O排放对P添加的响应受土壤初始养分（N、P）状态调控。P添加能够促进植物根系对无机氮的吸收和/或提高微生物固氮，从而降低森林土壤N₂O排放；P添加还能刺激硝化和反硝化细菌的活性，增加森林土壤N₂O排放。此外，P添加也可能通过缓解土壤酸化，影响丛枝菌根真菌共生和凋落物分解，实现对土壤N₂O排放的调控。在今后的森林管理中，可以考虑将P添加作为温室气体减排的一种策略。

关键词: 磷添加, 氧化亚氮, 植物, 土壤微生物, 硝化, 反硝化

Abstract:

Rising nitrous oxide (N₂O) concentrations in the atmosphere have exacerbated global warming. Forest soil plays an important role in regulating atmospheric N₂O concentration. Recently,application of phosphate (P) fertilizer was increased for improving forest productivity. However,compared with the well-known effects of nitrogen (N) deposition or N addition on N₂O emission from forest soil,how the P addition affects the N₂O emission from forest soil is still limited and lacks in-depth understanding. This study presents a review of the responses and mechanism of N₂O emissions from forest soils to P addition. Due to the different responses of plant and soil microorganisms (microbial biomass,community composition and microbial activity) to P addition,phosphorus addition can increase,reduce or not change the N₂O emission from forest soil. Overall,phosphorus addition alleviated the P-limitation of plants and soil microbes. The effect of P addition on soil N₂O emissions was governed by the initial status of soil nutrients (N,P). P addition can promote the absorption of inorganic N by plant roots and/or microbial N immobilization,thus reducing the N₂O emission from forest soil,it can also stimulate the activity of nitrification and denitrification bacteria,subsequently promote the N₂O emission from forest soil. Furthermore,phosphorus addition may also regulate soil N₂O emissions by alleviating soil acidification,affecting arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi symbiosis and litter decomposition,which requires further studies. In the future forest management,the addition of phosphorus can be considered as a strategy for reduction of greenhouse gas emission.

Key words: phosphorus addition, nitrous oxide, plant, soil microbes, nitrification, denitrification

中图分类号:

S718.55

郑翔,曹敏敏,纪小芳,方万力,刘胜龙,姜姜. 森林土壤氧化亚氮排放对磷添加响应的研究进展[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(6): 150-157.

Xiang Zheng,Minmin Cao,Xiaofang Ji,Wanli Fang,Shenglong Liu,Jiang Jiang. Progress in Studies of Responses to Phosphorus Addition of Soil Nitrous Oxide Emissions from Forest Soil[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(6): 150-157.

图/表 1

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