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林业科学 ›› 2020, Vol. 56 ›› Issue (7): 135-141.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200714

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中纤板VOCs释放对室内空气品质影响评估

蒋利群,赵政,沈隽*,孟娟,董华君   

  1. 东北林业大学材料科学与工程学院 哈尔滨 150040
  • 收稿日期:2018-04-12 出版日期:2020-07-25 发布日期:2020-08-11
  • 通讯作者: 沈隽
  • 基金资助:
    "十三五"国家重点研发计划项目课题(2016YFD0600706)

Evaluation of Effects of VOCs Released by MDF on Indoor Air Quality

Liqun Jiang,Zheng Zhao,Jun Shen*,Juan Meng,Huajun Dong   

  1. College of Material Science and Technology, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040
  • Received:2018-04-12 Online:2020-07-25 Published:2020-08-11
  • Contact: Jun Shen

摘要:

目的: 通过中纤板VOCs释放对室内空气品质的影响评价,预估中纤板在室内单独使用时的最大装载量,为室内装饰以及室内空气品质检测提供理论依据。方法: 以中纤板素板、PVC饰面中纤板和三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸饰面中纤板为研究对象,采用1 m3气候箱模拟室内环境,利用气相色谱质谱联用仪(GC-MS)分析中纤板一个周期(28天)释放VOCs的质量浓度变化,建立单因子指数模型确定中纤板释放的主要污染物,应用改进的沈氏模式对中纤板素板以及不同饰面中纤板被用于室内环境可能造成的污染进行综合评价,并预估中纤板在室内单独使用时的最大装载量。结果: 在1 m3气候箱测试条件下,中纤板素板释放的主要污染物为酯类、芳香烃类和烯烃类,PVC饰面中纤板、三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸饰面中纤板释放的主要污染物为芳香烃类和酯类。VOCs释放达到稳定后,单独使用三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸饰面中纤板的室内空气品质为Ⅰ级,适合居住;在释放初期,单独使用中纤板素板或PVC饰面中纤板的室内空气品质为Ⅴ级和Ⅳ级,污染较严重,待VOCs释放达到稳定后,室内空气品质上升至Ⅱ级,满足居住条件。在保证室内空气未污染的前提下,中纤板素板、PVC饰面中纤板和三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸饰面中纤板在室内单独使用时的最大装载量分别为1.5、1.8和3.2 m2·m-3结论: 中纤板VOCs释放对室内空气品质的影响评价较为理想,挥发性有机化合物释放达到稳定后,单独使用中纤板的室内空气品质可达无污染标准。在保证室内空气未污染的前提下,中纤板素板、PVC饰面中纤板和三聚氰胺浸渍胶膜纸饰面中纤板在室内单独使用时的最大装载量分别为1.5、1.8和3.2 m2·m-3

关键词: 中纤板, 挥发性有机化合物, 室内空气品质, 主要污染物, 综合评估

Abstract:

Objective: By evaluating the effects of VOCs released from MDF on indoor air quality(IAQ), the maximum loading capacity of MDF when it was used alone indoors was estimated. Method: Unfinished MDF, PVC facing MDF and melamine finishing MDF were selected as research objectives, the 1 m3 climate chamber was used to simulate indoor environment and GC-MS were used to analyze VOCs concentration changes of MDF during one cycle. The main pollutants released by MDF were determined through establishing single factor index model, and the improved Shen model was used to make a comprehensive evaluation of possible pollution caused by MDF to the indoor environment. Result: The results showed that when the indoor environment was under the test conditions of this climate chamber, the main pollutants released by unfinished MDF were esters, aromatic hydrocarbons and olefins. The main pollutants released by PVC facing MDF and melamine finishing MDF were both aromatic hydrocarbons and esters. After the release of VOCs reached an equilibrium state, when melamine finishing MDF was used alone indoors, the indoor air quality was grade Ⅰ, being suitable for living. In the initial stage of release, when unfinished MDF or PVC facing MDF were used alone indoors, the indoor air quality were grade Ⅴ and grade Ⅳ, which were seriously polluted. After the release of VOCs became stable, the indoor air quality was all grade Ⅱ, which met the living conditions. Under the premise of ensuring that the indoor air is not polluted, the maximum loading capacity of control MDF, PVC facing MDF and melamine finishing MDF were 1.5, 1.8 and 3.2 m2·m-3, respectively. Conclusion: The evaluation of the impact of volatile organic compounds released from MDF used on indoor air quality was quite satisfactory. After the release of volatile organic compounds achieved a steady state, the indoor air quality where the MDF was used alone, achieved a pollution-free standard. Under the premise of guaranteeing that the indoor air is not polluted, the maximum loading capacity of control MDF, PVC facing MDF and melamine finishing MDF were 1.5, 1.8 and 3.2 m2·m-3, respectively.

Key words: MDF, VOCs, indoor air quality (IAQ), major pollutants, comprehensive evaluation

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