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林业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (8): 23-31.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20180803

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

吉林蛟河阔叶红松林树种空间分布格局及其种间关联性

姚杰, 张春雨, 赵秀海   

  1. 北京林业大学 国家林业和草原局森林经营工程技术研究中心 北京 100083
  • 收稿日期:2016-07-08 修回日期:2018-06-24 出版日期:2018-08-25 发布日期:2018-08-18
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发计划重点专项项目(2017YFC050400101);国家自然科学基金项目(31670643)。

Species Spatial Distribution Patterns and Species Associations in a Broad-Leaved Korean Pine Forest in Jiaohe, Jilin Province

Yao Jie, Zhang Chunyu, Zhao Xiuhai   

  1. Research Center of Forest Management Engineering of State Forestry and Grassland Administration Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083
  • Received:2016-07-08 Revised:2018-06-24 Online:2018-08-25 Published:2018-08-18

摘要: [目的]群落水平上研究28个物种在不同尺度下种群空间分布格局及其种间空间关联性,明确温带森林群落物种共存与生物多样性维持机制。[方法]基于吉林蛟河阔叶红松林30 hm2动态监测样地数据,运用空间点格局分析方法,分别采用完全空间随机零模型和异质性泊松零模型分析不同尺度种群空间分布格局及其种间关联性。[结果]基于完全空间随机零模型的种群空间分布格局分析显示,本研究中的28个物种均表现出空间聚集格局,表明总体空间分布格局的非随机性;基于异质性泊松零模型的种群空间分布格局分析结果表明聚集分布格局主要出现在较小尺度(0~10 m),随研究尺度增加,种群聚集所占比例迅速降低,随机分布和均匀分布成为主要的分布格局类型;分离和部分重叠类型是主要的种间关联类型,混合种间关联类型所占比例较低;多数尺度上,种间相互排斥所占比例高于种间相互吸引,表明不同物种个体之间在空间上趋向于分离,种间个体直接相互作用的机会少,表现为种间分离格局。[结论]本研究表明种内聚集和种间分离是该研究群落主要空间构型,物种间的空间分离减弱种间竞争,阻止或减缓竞争优势物种对竞争劣势物种的竞争排除作用有利于维持物种共存,促进生物多样性维持。

关键词: 物种空间分布, 种间关联, 空间点格局分析, 阔叶红松林, 物种共存

Abstract: [Objective] Studying spatial pattern of plants may provide significant insights into processes and mechanisms that maintain species coexistence and biodiversity maintenance. Accordingly, intra- and interspecific spatial association patterns were assessed in a fully mapped 30-ha field plot in a broad-leaved korean pine forest in Jiaohe, Jilin Province.[Method] We applied spatial point pattern analysis and used summary statistics such as the pair-correlation function, Ripley's K-function and the distribution function of nearest neighbor distances. Complete spatial randomness (CSR) was applied as a first null model to test overall intraspecific and interspecific association patterns at scales of 0-50 m. The heterogeneous Poisson (HP) null model was also used to test small-scale intraspecific and interspecific association patterns at scales of 0-30 m (after evaluating larger-scale patterns).[Result] The CSR null model revealed significant clustering of species at most scales. The HP null model revealed significant aggregations mainly within neighborhood distances of less than 10 m. The percentage of aggregated patterns decreased sharply with increasing spatial scale. Conversely, the percentage of species exhibiting a random or regular pattern increased with increasing spatial scale. This result shows that individuals tend to gather in the vicinity of conspecific species, exhibiting intraspecific aggregation. Segregation and partial overlap were prominent in interspecific association types. Few species pairs showed interspecific mixing. The proportion of species showing negative associations (repulsion) was found to be greater than that of positive associations (attraction) at most scales. This is an indication that the individuals of different species tend to be separated in space and that they show negative association with few opportunities for direct interaction between interspecific individuals.[Conclusion] This study presents a comprehensive analysis of the spatial species-association structure in a temperate broad-leaved Korean pine forest in Jiaohe, Jilin Province. Intraspecific aggregation and interspecific segregation were the main patterns of spatial structure in the 30-study area. The spatial segregation between different species weakens interspecific competition which may prevent a competitive exclusion of dominant against disadvantaged species and facilitates species coexistence and biodiversity maintenance.

Key words: spatial distribution patterns, species associations, spatial point pattern analysis, broad-leaved korean pine forest, species coexistence

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