杉木林不同生长阶段能量生产特征

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20141203

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

连续定位测定杉木林生物量和热值,研究不同年龄阶段杉木林的热值、林分能量现存量、能量生产力及能量现存量在林分各组分的分配.结果表明: 同一个林龄,林分各组分热值表现为乔木 > 灌木 > 草本 > 枯死物,杉木热值表现为叶 > 皮 > 枝 > 干 > 根,杉木器官热值随林龄增加而增大; 林分能量现存量为8 340.1×10⁸~33 318.3×10⁸J ·hm^-2,乔木层、林下植被层和凋落物分别占99.35%~99.62%,0.26%~0.53%和0.12%~0.19%; 乔木层能量在器官分配上表现为树干 > 树根 > 树叶 > 树皮 > 树枝; 树干能量分配比随着林龄增长而增大,枝、叶随林龄增长而减少,树根和树皮年变化较平稳; 树枝、树叶、树干、树皮和树根能量积累年均变化都呈单峰形曲线,但波峰出现林龄各有不同; 林分年均能量生产力为1 200.4×10⁸~2 086.2×10⁸J ·hm^-2a^-1,乔木层、林下植被层和凋落物分别占93.84%~98.60%,0.53%~2.46%和0.87%~3.70%; 林分能量生产特征可分为能量生产功能建立、生产速率快速增加、生产力最大、生产力相对平稳和生产力下降5个阶段.能量生产力的大小主要与杉木不同生长阶段生长发育节律的生物学特性有关.

关键词: 热值, 能量, 能量生产力, 杉木人工林, 会同

Abstract:

Based on continuously measured biomass and calorific values of Chinese fir (Cunninghamia lanceolata) plantations in a national key scientific experimental station in Huitong, the energy productivity and energy storage and distribution in different components in a Chinese fir plantation at different ages were studied. The results showed that the calorific values of the stand components in Chinese fir plantations at the same age were ranked as tree layer > shrub layer > herb layer > litter layer. The different organs of C. lanceolata had different calorific values ranked as needle > bark > twig > trunk > root, and the calorific values of organs increased with the age. The energy storage in Chinese fir plantations in Huitong ranged from 8 340.1×10⁸ to 33 318.3×10⁸J ·hm^-2. The order of proportion of energy storage in different plantation layers was as follows: tree layer (99.35%-99.62%) > understory vegetation layer (0.26%-0.53%) > litter layer (0.12%-0.19%). In the tree layer, energy was allocated mainly in the stem, followed by root, leaf, bark and twigs. The trunk energy distribution ratio increased with stand age, whereas the branches' and leaves' decreased over time, the roots' and barks' maintained relatively stable. The changes in, the average annual accumulation of the needle, twig ,trunk, bark, and root energy all showed a single peak-shaped curve, but the peaks occurred at different ages. The average annual energy productivity was 1 200.4 × 10⁸-2 086.2 × 10⁸J ·hm^-2a^-1, among which the tree layer produced 93.84% to 98.60%, understory vegetation layer produced only 0.53% to 2.46%, and the litter energy accounted for only 0.87% to 3.70%. Accordingly, the energy production of the dynamic characteristics can be divided into five stages: the energy production establishment, the energy production rapid rate increase, the largest energy productivity, the stable energy productivity, the decline energy productivity. Therefore, the Chinese fir forest energy production is mainly affected by the biological characteristics of Chinese fir at different growth stages of growth and development rhythm.

Key words: calorific values, energy, energy productivity, Chinese fir plantation, Huitong

中图分类号:

S718.55

张贵, 康文星, 何介南, 王东, 姚利辉. 杉木林不同生长阶段能量生产特征[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(12): 14-23.

Zhang Gui, Kang Wenxing, He Jienan, Wang Dong, Yao Lihui. Energy Production Characteristics of Chinese Fir Plantations at Different Growth Stages[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(12): 14-23.

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