青海不同林分类型土壤养分与微生物功能多样性

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140404

林业科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (4): 22-31.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140404

青海不同林分类型土壤养分与微生物功能多样性

向泽宇^1,2, 张莉³, 张全发¹, 刘伟⁴, 王根绪⁵, 王长庭², 胡雷²

1. 中国科学院水生植物与流域生态重点实验室中国科学院武汉植物园武汉 430074;
2. 西南民族大学生命科学与技术学院成都 610041;
3. 内蒙古阿拉善盟林业研究所阿拉善 750306;
4. 中国科学院西北高原生物研究所西宁 810001;
5. 中国科学院水利部成都山地灾害与环境研究所成都 610041

收稿日期:2013-05-27 修回日期:2014-03-03 出版日期:2014-04-25 发布日期:2014-05-06
基金资助:
中国科学院战略性先导科技专项“应对气候变化的碳收支认证及相关问题”（XDA05050207；XDA050605）；西南民族大学中央高校基本科研业务费专项资金（11NZYTH07）；国家自然科学基金项目（40925002）。

Soil Nutrients and Microbial Functional Diversity of Different Stand Types in Qinghai Province

Xiang Zeyu^1,2, Zhang Li³, Zhang Quanfa¹, Liu Wei⁴, Wang Genxu⁵, Wang Changting², Hu Lei²

1. Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology Wuhan Botanical Garden, CAS Wuhan 430074;
2. College of Life Science and Technology, Southwest University for Nationalities Chengdu 610041;
3. Alxa Forestry Research Institute of Inner Mongolia Alxa 750306;
4. Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, CAS Xining 810001;
5. Institute of Hazards and Environment, CAS Chengdu 610041

Received:2013-05-27 Revised:2014-03-03 Online:2014-04-25 Published:2014-05-06
Contact: 王长庭

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

利用常规实验室分析法和Biolog-Eco微平板法研究青海省不同林型土壤养分与微生物功能多样性。结果表明：大通 1#、湟中和尖扎的土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量较高，大通 2#、循化和乐都的土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量居中，民和的土壤有机质、全氮和碱解氮含量则较低；土壤全磷含量表现为民和最低，其他林型间差异不显著；土壤速效磷含量表现为循化、尖扎、湟中 > 大通1#、大通 2#、乐都 > 民和；土壤速效钾含量表现为大通 2#、民和 > 乐都 > 大通 1#、湟中、循化、尖扎；各林型的土壤全钾含量变化均不显著；不同林型条件对土壤养分的积累总体表现为大通1#、尖扎 > 湟中 > 循化 > 大通 > 乐都 > 民和，4种林木对土壤养分的分布和改良表现为云杉 > 白桦 > 山杨 > 落叶松；各林型的土壤微生物群落功能多样性指数表现为乐都、民和 > 大通 1#、大通 2#、湟中 > 循化、尖扎；不同林型土壤微生物碳源利用的主成分分析（PCA）显示碳水化合物和氨基酸是微生物利用的主要碳源；各林型土壤养分含量与微生物功能多样性的RDA分析表明，土壤养分因子很好地解释了微生物功能多样性的变异，对微生物功能多样性有重要的影响，其中有机质、氮素和速效磷是影响土壤微生物代谢的主要因素。

关键词: 青海, 不同林型, 土壤养分, 微生物群落, Biolog-Eco板, PCA

Abstract:

In this study, soil nutrients and microbial community functional diversity of different stand types in Qinghai Province were investigated by conventional laboratory analysis and Biolog-Eco micro plate method. Results showed that Datong 1#, Huangzhong and Jianzha had relative higher content of organic matter, total nitrogen and available nitrogen in the soil, then Datong 2#, Xunhua and Ledu were in intermediate, and Minhe was lower. The total phosphorus content of Minhe was lowest, while there were no significant differences in total phosphorus content between other stand types. The available phosphorus content was Xunhua, Jianzha, Huangzhong > Datong 1#, Datong 2#, Ledu > Minhe, and the available potassium content was Datong 2#, Minhe > Ledu > Datong 1#, Huangzhong, Xunhua, Jianzha. The total potassium content of each stand type was not significantly different. The accumulation of overall soil nutrients in different stand types was in turn Datong 1#, Jianzha > Huangzhong > Xunhua > Datong 2# > Ledu > Minhe. Effects of four tree species on the distribution and improvement of soil nutrients were in sequence of Picea asperata > Betula platyphylla > Populus davidiana > Larix gmelinii. The soil microbial community functional diversity index in the various stand types was Ledu, Minhe > Datong 1#, Datong 2#, Huangzhong, > Xunhua, Jianzha. The principal component analysis of carbon source utilization of the soil microbial community in different stand types showed that carbohydrates and amino acids were the main carbon source. RDA of each stand type soil nutrient content and microbial community functional diversity indicated that soil nutrient factors well explained the variation of the microbial community functional diversity. Soil nutrient had important influence on microbial community functional diversity. The organic matter, nitrogen and available phosphorus were the main factors influencing the metabolism of soil microbial communities.

Key words: Qinghai, different stand types, soil nutrients, microbial community, Biolog-ECO plate, principal component analysis(PCA)

中图分类号:

S714.3

向泽宇, 张莉, 张全发, 刘伟, 王根绪, 王长庭, 胡雷. 青海不同林分类型土壤养分与微生物功能多样性[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(4): 22-31.

Xiang Zeyu, Zhang Li, Zhang Quanfa, Liu Wei, Wang Genxu, Wang Changting, Hu Lei. Soil Nutrients and Microbial Functional Diversity of Different Stand Types in Qinghai Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(4): 22-31.

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青海不同林分类型土壤养分与微生物功能多样性

Soil Nutrients and Microbial Functional Diversity of Different Stand Types in Qinghai Province

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