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林业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (12): 30-35.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20131205

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱胁迫对花椒不同品种根系生长及水分利用的影响

刘淑明1, 孙佳乾2, 邓振义3, 魏典典1, 张刚1, 孙丙寅3   

  1. 1. 西北农林科技大学理学院 杨凌 712100;
    2. 西北农林科技大学水利与建筑工程学院 杨凌 712100;
    3. 杨凌职业技术学院 杨凌 712100
  • 收稿日期:2013-01-25 修回日期:2013-11-07 出版日期:2013-12-25 发布日期:2014-01-01
  • 通讯作者: 孙丙寅
  • 基金资助:

    国家林业局林业科学技术推广项目([2012]72)。

Effects of Drought Stress on the Root Morphology and Water Use Efficiency of Zanthoxylum bungeanum

Liu Shuming1, Sun Jiaqian2, Deng Zhenyi3, Wei Diandian1, Zhang Gang1, Sun Bingyin3   

  1. 1. College of Sciences, Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100;
    2. College of Water Resources and Architectural Engineering, Northwest A&F University Yangling 712100;
    3. Yangling Vocational and Technical College Yangling 712100
  • Received:2013-01-25 Revised:2013-11-07 Online:2013-12-25 Published:2014-01-01

摘要:

通过盆栽试验研究干旱胁迫对不同花椒品种(美凤椒、小红冠和狮子头)根系生长及其水分利用效率的影响。结果表明:干旱条件下,花椒的主根伸长生长受到抑制,侧根伸长生长则被促进,直径0~2和≥2 mm的侧根数量显著减少,地上部分和根系生物量降低;5—9月份,在轻度、中度和重度干旱胁迫下,美凤椒的主根长度分别较对照减小10.4%,24.7%和44.0%,小红冠的主根长度分别较对照减小10.1%,28.4%和35.8%,狮子头的主根长度分别较对照减小8.4%,27.9%和42.9%;在重度干旱胁迫条件下,美凤椒、小红冠和狮子头的蒸腾耗水量分别较对照降低65.5%,51.8%和66.7%,水分利用效率分别提高12.2%,26.3%和33.1%。3个品种中,小红冠对干旱的适应性最强,其次是美凤椒,狮子头最弱。

关键词: 花椒, 根系, 形态特征, 水分利用效率

Abstract:

A pot culture experiment was carried out to examine the effects of drought stress on the root growth and water use efficiency (WUE) of three cultivars of Zanthoxylum bungeanum: Meifengjiao (M), Xiaohongguan (X), and Shizitou (S). The results showed that the elongation growth of the main roots of the three cultivars was inhibited, while that of the lateral roots was enhanced. The number of lateral roots with the diameters of 0 to 2 mm and ≥ 2 mm significantly decreased. Both aerial and root biomass decreased. Under mild, moderate, and severe stress conditions, the main root length of cultivar M decreased by 10.4%, 24.7%, and 44.0%, by 10.1%, 28.4%, and 35.8% for cultivar X, and by 8.4%, 27.9%, and 42.9% for cultivar S from May to September, compared to that of control. Under severe drought stress, the transpiration water consumption of cultivar M, X, and S decreased by 65.5%, 51.8% and 66.7%, respectively, while WUE increased by 12.2%, 26.3%,and 33.1%, respectively, compared to that of control. It was concluded that under drought stress, the morphological characteristics and tolerant capabilities to drought were different among different cultivars. Cultivar X exhibited the highest drought tolerance, followed by cultivar M, and then cultivar S.

Key words: Zanthoxylum bungeanum, root, morphological characteristic, water use efficiency

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