欢迎访问林业科学,今天是

林业科学 ›› 2006, Vol. 42 ›› Issue (8): 95-101.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20060816

• 综合评述 • 上一篇    下一篇

竹林生态系统及其长期定位观测研究的重要性

李伟成1,2 盛海燕2 钟哲科1   

  1. 1.国家林业局竹子研究开发中心,杭州310012;2.杭州环境保护科学研究院,杭州310005
  • 收稿日期:2004-12-08 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2006-08-25 发布日期:2006-08-25

Importance of Long-Term Location Investigation for Bamboo Ecosystem

Li Weicheng1,Sheng Haiyan2,Zhong Zheke1   

  1. 1.China National Bamboo Research Center Hangzhou310012; 2. Hangzhou Environmental Protection Science Institute Hangzhou310005
  • Received:2004-12-08 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2006-08-25 Published:2006-08-25

摘要:

现有国内外对竹林生态系统的研究报道多倾向于竹类的正向效应,但此类研究主要局限于研究维持的时间不长,研究的延续性不够,对于系统发育而言尚处于最原始阶段,对竹林生态系统表现出的是否为短期效应缺少长期的定位观察和系统研究。大量国内外研究结果表明:在全球气候变化的大环境下,如果不完善、提高竹林生态系统的管理与基础研究,竹林生态系统在结构、功能和过程上是不可持续的,可能会成为区域性入侵种,从而影响人文景观和生态系统健康,或因单优种群一次性开花而造成系统崩溃。本文在此基础上简单阐述了由寡物种构成的生态系统的可持续性问题,并结合目前竹林经营和研究情况,对竹林长期定位观测的重要性进行了定性论述。

关键词: 可持续经营, 竹林, 干扰, 入侵, 定位观测

Abstract:

Bamboo ecosystem, one of the important components of forestry ecosystem, is usually made use of foods, structure material, biological energy and so on, especially in Southeast Asia. Development groups have proposed bamboo production as an opportunity for increasing the wealth of the lower-income groups. The area of world forest decreases by predatory uses of people, on the contrary, bamboo increases mainly for economical causes and specialized functional uses like soil and water preservation or sight-seeing matter. As for the study of bamboo ecosystem is rare, except some of incomplete discussion,and the most of papers are inclined to the positive effects of bamboo in the ecosystem. But those studies last so short that the ecosystem restoration is only at the beginning of initial phase and the results can not be the proofs of positive effects that preserve the soil and water and improve soil fertilization in the long-term dynamic change. Meanwhile, the global climate changes so acutely that some catastrophic climate phenomenon like EI Nino Southern Oscillation (ENSO) will help the bamboo to expand the habitats and even area of high latitude, if the powerful propagation capacity of bamboo is cared less. Nowadays, more and more natural bamboo system has been changed into semi-artificial or artificial system without conforming to the natural succession principle. Coupled with bamboo ecosystem maybe is in the status of discontinuity that the structure, procession and function are back out for its monocarpic perennial character and the disturbance from nature and human. Moreover, if there is no subtle management and decrease of the damaging disturbance, the bamboo ecosystem is unsustainable and even under the menace of crash. So we discuss the sustainability and plasticity response of bamboo ecosystem that acts the roles in components of agriforestry system, specialized functional groups and part of natural ecosystem. And we strongly suggest the long-term investigation for bamboo through integrating a wide range of experimental, comparative and theoretical approaches, for which nowadays from study cases from home and abroad, ecologists are inclining to gain a detailed understanding of the long-term dynamics behavior of vegetation like the invasion of bamboo ecosystem.

Key words: sustainability, bamboo forest, disturbance, invasion, oriented investigation