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林业科学 ›› 2003, Vol. 39 ›› Issue (zk): 139-147.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.2003S125

• 论文及研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

木麻黄根瘤内生菌生物学特性研究

李志真1 谢一青2 王志洁3 杨宗武5 陈启锋4   

  1. 福建省林业科学研究院,福州350012;福建农林大学,福州350002
  • 收稿日期:2003-03-21 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2003-12-25 发布日期:2003-12-25

THE BIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ACTINORMYCETES FRANKIA LIVING IN ROOTS OF CASUARINA

Li Zhizhen2,Xie Yiqing2,Wang Zhijie3,Yang Zongwu5,Chen Qifeng4   

  1. Fujian Academy of Forestry Fuzhou350012;Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University Fuzhou350002
  • Received:2003-03-21 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2003-12-25 Published:2003-12-25

摘要:

对与福建、广州的细枝木麻黄、短枝木麻黄和粗枝木麻黄共生的1 7株根瘤内生菌进行了形态培养、生理类群、营养源利用、代谢酶、宿主特异性等生物学特性进行了系统研究。结果表明,17株木麻黄根瘤内生菌具有分枝状菌丝、孢囊、泡囊等Frankia菌的特征性结构,FCc64、FCc92、FCe3 3等菌株还具有串珠状菌丝段。木麻黄内生菌有A、B、AB等3种生理类群,其中B群内生菌多。菌株离体培养具有固氮酶活性,且差异显著。多数木麻黄内生菌能良好利用吐温,只有少数菌株可利用葡萄糖等糖类物质。内生菌不同生理类群在碳氮源利用、有机酸羧化和代谢酶产生等方面没有明显的对应关系,表现出丰富的多样性。侵染试验表明木麻黄Frankia菌株不仅可在木麻黄属内种间进行交叉侵染,还能侵染杨梅、沙枣和桤木等植物结瘤。

关键词: 木麻黄, Frankia, 生物学特性, 生理类群, 宿主特异性

Abstract:

Systematic studies of the biological characteristics were carried out on 17 Frankia strains isolated from the root nodules of actinorhizal plants Casuarina in Fujian and Guangzhou, including morphology, culture, physiological group, nutrient utilization, nitrogenase activity and host specificity. The observations by microscopy demonstrated that all the strains tested showed a typical Frankia morphology, with filamentous hyphae, multilocular sporangia borne terminally, laterally, or in an intercalary position on branching hyphae. Terminal or lateral borne vesicles were generally formed on lack of nitrogen, the isolates FCcAC04、FCe75、FCc92 and FCg77 formed occasionally terminal vesicles in presence of nitrogen. Variations in hypha diameter, sporangia and vesicle numbers were noted between media and isolates. The specialized reproducrive torulose hyphae were found in strains FCc64、FCc92、FCe33. The Frankia isolates whether from the same species or a single plant had a quite difference on clonal shape, color and pigment. Fifteen Frankia isolates were found to fall into three physiological groups, two isolates were belonged to group A, eight were group B and five were group AB. There was no apparent correlation of physiological groups with pattern on utilization of carbon, nitrogen and organic acids. Nearly all the isolates were likely to utilize NZ amine, sodium acetate, sodium propionate and Tween-80, but potassium nitrate and sodium benzoate, sodium succinate, sodium citrate used by different strains. Cellulase, pectinase had not been found in all isolates but proteinase was produced in some strains cultured. All strains tested grew well in the media lack of nitrogen and did not produce the cellulase. Nitrogenase activity of strains was monitored in culture and varied greatly among isolates. The inoculation expriment result showed that the strains from Casuarina not only had ability to infect Casuarina, but also to infect Myrica rubra, Elaeagnus angustifoli and Alnus cremastogym. And it reflected that Frankia in roots of Casuarina in China might have a wide diversity.

Key words: Casuarina, Frankia, Biological characteristics, Physiological group, Host specificity