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林业科学 ›› 2011, Vol. 47 ›› Issue (7): 145-150.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20110722

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

可膨胀石墨与聚磷酸铵对木粉/聚丙烯复合材料的协同阻燃作用

宋永明, 王清文, 龚丽, 李春桃   

  1. 东北林业大学生物质材料科学与技术教育部重点实验室 哈尔滨150040
  • 收稿日期:2010-03-15 修回日期:2010-06-08 出版日期:2011-07-25 发布日期:2011-07-25

Synergistic Effects of Expandable Graphite with Ammonium Polyphosphate on Flame Retardancy of Wood Flour/Polypropylene Composites

Song Yongming, Wang Qingwen, Gong Li, Li Chuntao   

  1. Key Laboratory of Bio-Based Material Science and Technology of Ministry of Education Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040
  • Received:2010-03-15 Revised:2010-06-08 Online:2011-07-25 Published:2011-07-25

摘要:

采用锥形量热仪(CONE)研究可膨胀石墨(EG)与聚磷酸铵(APP)对木粉/聚丙烯复合材料的协同阻燃作用。CONE测试结果表明:EG和APP均可降低木粉/聚丙烯复合体系的热释放速率(HRR)、总热释放(THR)和烟释放速率(RSR),提高成炭率;与APP相比,EG表现出更好的抑烟效果。当EG与APP的总添加量为15%、复配比例为2 :1时,能形成稳定致密的膨胀炭层,阻燃协同效应显著。力学性能测试结果表明:即使在马来酸酐接枝聚丙烯相容剂(MAPP)的存在下,EG和APP阻燃剂的添加对复合材料的冲击强度和弯曲强度仍有不利影响,但EG的添加可提高复合材料的弯曲模量。

关键词: 木粉, 聚丙烯, 聚磷酸铵, 可膨胀石墨, 阻燃剂, 锥形量热仪

Abstract:

The synergistic flame-retardant effects of expandable graphite(EG) with ammonium polyphosphate (APP) in wood flour/polypropylene composites were investigated by cone calorimeter (CONE) under a heat flux 50 kW·m-2. The CONE results showed that both APP and EG decreased the heat release rate (HRR), total heat release(THR), release smoke rate(RSR) and increased the residual char of wood flour/polypropylene system, which indicate APP and EG are effective fire retardants for wood flour/polypropylene composites. However, EG flame retardant displayed the better smoke suppressing performance than that of APP. When the mass ratio of EG and APP was 2 : 1, the incorporation of EG and APP had a positive effect on forming a compact and intumescent char layer with stabilized structure, and showed a good synergistic effect in flame inhibition and smoke suppression. The mechanical test results showed that, even in the presence of maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene copolymer (MAPP), the addition of APP and EG flame retardant also decreased the impact and flexural strength of composites, but EG improved the flexural modulus.

Key words: wood flour, polypropylene, ammonium polyphosphate, expandable graphite, flame retardants, cone calorimeter

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