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林业科学 ›› 2009, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (12): 59-64.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20091210

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

浙江省食用菌重金属背景值及质量安全评价

柴振林1,2 吴学谦2,3 魏海龙2 吕爱华1 尚素微1 朱杰丽1   

  1. 1.浙江省林产品质量检测站 杭州 310023; 2.浙江省林业科学研究院 杭州 310023;3.浙江省丽水市食用菌研究开发中心 丽水 323000
  • 收稿日期:2008-07-14 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-12-25 发布日期:2009-12-25
  • 基金资助:
     

Background Levels of Heavy Metal Contents and the Evaluation of Quality and Safety in Edible Fungi from Zhejiang Province

Chai Zhenlin1,2,Wu Xueqian2,3,Wei Hailong2,Lü Aihuai1,Shang Suwei1,Zhu Jieli1   

  1. 1.Zhejiang Forest Product Testing Station Hangzhou 310023; 2.Zhejiang Forestry Academy Hangzhou 310023;3.Lishui Edible Fungi Research and Development Center of Hangzhou Province Lishui 323000
  • Received:2008-07-14 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-12-25 Published:2009-12-25
  • Supported by:
     

摘要:

在浙江食用菌生产基地、超市和农贸市场实地抽样检测,对数据进行统计分析,提出浙江省食用菌重金属背景值。研究结果显示: 浙江省鲜食用菌重金属元素背景值为铅0.078 mg·kg-1、镉0.036 mg·kg-1、汞0.009 mg·kg-1、砷0.029 mg·kg-1,干食用菌重金属背景值为铅0.452 mg·kg-1、镉0.254 mg·kg-1、汞0.044 mg·kg-1、砷0.150 mg·kg-1,鲜香菇重金属背景值为铅0.074 mg·kg-1、镉0.122 mg·kg-1、汞0.009 mg·kg-1、砷0.030 mg·kg-1,鲜平菇重金属背景值为铅0.068 mg·kg-1、镉0.026 mg·kg-1、汞0.008 mg·kg-1、砷0.029 mg·kg-1,鲜蘑菇重金属背景值为铅0.149 mg·kg-1、镉0.019 mg·kg-1、汞0.038 mg·kg-1、砷0.094 mg·kg-1,鲜金针菇重金属背景值为铅0.083 mg·kg-1、镉0.013 mg·kg-1、汞0.008 mg·kg-1、砷0.020 mg·kg-1。经与相关标准进行比较,浙江省食用菌重金属含量处于相对较低的水平。鲜食用菌中平菇与金针菇的4种重金属元素背景值非常相近,并且都处于很低的水平。与鲜食用菌相比,干食用菌重金属含量是鲜食用菌的4.9~7.1倍。蘑菇的铅、汞、砷含量明显高于其他食用菌,与鲜食用菌平均值比较,铅高出91.0%、汞高出322.2%,砷高出224.1%;香菇中镉含量明显高于其他品种食用菌,高出鲜食用菌平均值238.9%。蘑菇的铅、汞、砷和香菇的镉含量在生产栽培中要得到特别关注,应作为质量安全控制的重点。

关键词: 浙江省, 食用菌, 重金属, 背景值, 质量安全

Abstract:

Background levels of heavy metal contents in edible fungi from Zhejiang Province were measured in random samples collected from main producing areas, supermarkets, farmer's free market. Data, after statistical analysis, showed that background levels were 0.078 mg·kg-1 for Pb, 0.036 mg·kg-1 for Cd, 0.009 mg·kg-1 for Hg, 0.029 mg·kg-1 for As in fresh edible fungi, and 0.452 mg·kg-1 for Pb, 0.254 mg·kg-1 for Cd, 0.044 mg·kg-1 for Hg, 0.150 mg·kg-1 for As in dry edible fungi, and 0.074 mg·kg-1 for Pb, 0.122 mg·kg-1 for Cd, 0.009 mg·kg-1 for Hg, 0.030 mg·kg-1 for As in Fresh Lentinus edodes, and 0.068 mg·kg-1 for Pb, 0.026 mg·kg-1 for Cd, 0.008 mg·kg-1 for Hg, 0.029 mg·kg-1 for As in fresh Pleurotus ostreatus, and 0.149 mg·kg-1 for Pb, 0.019 mg·kg-1 for Cd, 0.038 mg·kg-1 for Hg,0.094 mg·kg-1 for As in fresh Agaricus campestris, and 0.083 mg·kg-1 for Pb, 0.013 mg·kg-1 for Cd, 0.008 mg·kg-1 for Hg, 0.020 mg·kg-1 for As in fresh lammulina velutipes, respectively. The study was done through in-site sampling at reliable growing farms, followed by the standard lab analyses, and the statistical treatment with proved methods. Therefore, the obtained data were representative and reliable. Compared to related national and industrial quality standards, levels of heavy metal contents in edible fungi from Zhejiang Province were low and safe. The background levels in P. ostreatus and F. velutipes were similar and low. The levels of heavy metal contents including Pb, Cd, Hg and As in dry edible fungi were 4.9~7.1 times higher than those in fresh ones. The contents of Pb, Hg, and As in A. campestris were remarkably higher than the other edible fungi. There were 91.0% for Pb, 322.2% for Hg and 224.1% for As higher than the average contents in fresh edible fungi. Cd level in L. edodes was 238.9% higher than the average contents. Pb, Hg, and As in A. campestris and Cd in L. edodes should be watched over regarding to quality controls.

Key words: Zhejiang province, edible fungi, heavy metal, background level, quality and safetychai

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