危害短梗稠李的中国丑锤角叶蜂属(膜翅目:锤角叶蜂科)一新种

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200512

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

记述采自中国浙江天目山危害短梗稠李的丑锤角叶蜂属（膜翅目：锤角叶蜂科）一新种：萌萌丑锤角叶蜂。该种幼虫取食短梗稠李叶片，当幼虫数量较多时，可将寄主植物的叶片蚕食殆尽，严重影响其生长，继而影响果树产量，导致林木经济效益严重下降。萌萌丑锤角叶蜂在中国浙江天目山1年1代发生，以预蛹形态越冬。新种与木通丑锤角叶蜂十分相似，主要区别是：新种后胸背板及腹部第1背板全部黄白色；各足胫节、跗节深褐色；中胸前侧片腹面表面光滑，具稀疏刻点。采用DNA试剂盒法提取新种基因组DNA，测序获得包括新种在内的锤角叶蜂科12条COⅠ基因序列，长度为850 bp。另外，从GenBank数据库中下载锤角叶蜂科的丑锤角叶蜂属、丽锤角叶蜂属、东锤角叶蜂属等近缘属的已知种类COⅠ序列23条，与新种序列构成COⅠ序列数据集（共35个样本）。分析丽锤角叶蜂亚科内的遗传距离，结果显示，新种2样本遗传距离为0.005。基于贝叶斯法构建了COⅠ基因系统发育树，树图结果显示：丑锤角叶蜂属、丽锤角叶蜂属、东锤角叶蜂属的属内种分别形成一支，构成单系群，支持丑锤角叶蜂属与东锤角叶蜂属的有效性。新种分子分析结果与形态鉴定结果一致，均支持新种成立。

关键词: 锤角叶蜂科, 丑锤角叶蜂属, 新种, 食叶昆虫, COⅠ基因

Abstract:

In this paper, a new species, Zaraea mengmeng Yan, Li & Wei sp. nov. (Hymenoptera:Cimbicidae), collected from the Mt. Tianmu, Zhejiang Province, China, is described. Its larvae feeding on leaves of Padus brachypoda and could defoliate entire leaves of the host tree with high density, which will affect its growth, thus affecting the yield of fruit trees and seriously reducing the economic benefits of trees. The new species develops one generation a year in the Mountains and overwinters in the form of pre-pupa. This new species is very similar to Z. akebiae, but can be distinguished from the latter by the following characters:metanotum and abdominal tergum 1 entirely yellowish white; tibia and tarsus of each leg dark brown; the ventral half of mesepisternum smooth and sparsely punctured. The genomic DNA of the new species was extracted using the DNeasy Tissue Kit (Qiagen, Valencia, CA), 12 sequences of Cytochrome oxidase Ⅰ(COⅠ) (2 sequences of the new species and 10 sequences of other species of Cimbicidae were obtained from the mitochondrial gene, with a length of 850 bp; In addition, we downloaded 23 COⅠ sequences of known Cimbicidae and related genera species used in previous phylogenetic analyses from GenBank database, which constitute the CO Ⅰ sequence data set with the new species sequence (35 samples in total). The genetic distance of Abiinae was analyzed and the results showed that the genetic distance is 0.005 between two samples of the new species. Each of the clade Zaraea, Orientabia and Abia, are recovered as a monophyletic group, with high support for the BI trees (Posterior probability >0.96). We suggest that Zaraea, Orientabia and Abia are three valid genera of Abiinae. Results of molecular analysis of the new species are consistent with those of morphological identification, which supports the establishment of new species.

Key words: Cimbicidae, Zaraea, new species, defoliator, COⅠgene

中图分类号:

S718.7

晏毓晨,李泽建,黎桂鸿,魏美才. 危害短梗稠李的中国丑锤角叶蜂属(膜翅目:锤角叶蜂科)一新种[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(5): 105-112.

Yuchen Yan,Zejian Li,Guihong Li,Meicai Wei. A New Species of Zaraea(Leach, 1817)(Hymenoptera, Cimbicidae) from China Harming Padus brachypoda[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(5): 105-112.

图/表 5

图1

图2

图3

表1

用于系统发育分析的锤角叶蜂科样本信息和GenBank序列号"

科 Family	亚科 Subfamily	种名 Species name	登录号Accession No.	文献 References
锤角叶蜂科	丽锤角叶蜂亚科	萌萌丑锤角叶蜂Z. mengmeng	MN076600	本研究This study
Cimbicidae	Abiinae	萌萌丑锤角叶蜂Z. mengmeng	MN076602	本研究This study
内群Ingroup		朱氏丑锤角叶蜂，新种Z. sp. nov.	MN076601	本研究This study
		朱氏丑锤角叶蜂，新种Z. sp. nov.	MN076603	本研究This study
		美洲丑锤角叶蜂Z.americana	JN294219	(GenBank)
		美洲丑锤角叶蜂Z. americana	JN294191	(GenBank)
		美洲丑锤角叶蜂Z. americana	KR896368	Hebert et al., 2016
		鼓突丑锤角叶蜂Z. inflata	KR897608	Hebert et al., 2016
		鼓突丑锤角叶蜂Z. inflata	KR879052	Hebert et al., 2016
		小垫丽锤角叶蜂A. niui	MN076604	本研究This study
		绿宝丽锤角叶蜂A. berezowskii	MN076605	本研究This study
		绿宝丽锤角叶蜂A. berezowskii	MN127827	本研究This study
		凸节丽锤角叶蜂A. candens	DQ302235	Nyman et al., 2006
		大斑东锤角叶蜂O. magna	LC133470	Shinohara et al., 2016
		中国东锤角叶蜂O. sinica	MN127826	本研究This study
	锤角叶蜂亚科	中国唇锤角叶蜂Labriocimbex sinicus	MN076590	Yan et al., 2019
	Cimbicinae	细带舌锤角叶蜂Praia taczanowskii	KF936545	Malm et al., 2015
		宽带舌锤角叶蜂P. taczanowskii	KC976900	Schmidt et al., 2017
		美洲锤角叶蜂Cimbex americana	EF032218	Schulmeister et al., 2002
		风桦锤角叶蜂C. femoratus	KC976129	Schmidt et al., 2017
		金毛锤角叶蜂C. luteus	KC973384	Schmidt et al., 2017
		窄弓毛锤角叶蜂Trichiosoma aenescens	JX090784	Leppänen et al., 2012
		三角毛锤角叶蜂T. triangulum	KR895520	Hebert et al., 2016
		平顶毛锤角叶蜂T. lucorum	KF936518	Malm et al., 2015
		细锤角叶蜂一种(德钦)Leptocimbex sp.	KC976797	Schmidt et al., 2017
		细锤角叶蜂一种(昆明)L. sp.	KC976130	Schmidt et al., 2017
		细锤角叶蜂一种(贡嘎)L. sp.	KC975295	Schmidt et al., 2017
		断斑细锤角叶蜂L. tuberculatus	MN076597	Yan et al., 2019
		线斑细锤角叶蜂L. linealis	MN076593	Yan et al., 2019
		浅窝细锤角叶蜂L. afoveata	MN076594	Yan et al., 2019
	敛锤角叶蜂亚科	侧敛锤角叶蜂Corynis lateralis	KY063728	DoDǧan et al., 2017
	Corynidinae	粗角敛锤角叶蜂C. crassicornis	KF936612	Malm et al., 2015
		黑毛敛锤角叶蜂C. atricapilla	KC976741	Schmidt et al., 2017
三节叶蜂科Argidae	三节叶蜂亚科	杜鹃三节叶蜂Arge similis	MG923484	Tang et al., 2019
外群Outgroup	Arginae	丽斑三节叶蜂A. bella	MF287761	Du et al., 2018

表1

表2

参考文献 0

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种名序列号 Species accession No.	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10	11	12	13	14
1.大斑东锤角叶蜂 O. magna LC133470
2.中国东锤角叶蜂 O. sinica MN127826	0.079
3.绿宝丽锤角叶蜂 A. berezowskii MN076605	0.103	0.103
4.绿宝丽锤角叶蜂 A. berezowskii MN127827	0.092	0.097	0.033
5.凸节丽锤角叶蜂 A. candens DQ302235	0.093	0.099	0.062	0.059
6.萌萌丑锤角叶蜂 Z. mengmeng MN076600	0.089	0.103	0.128	0.118	0.117
7.萌萌丑锤角叶蜂 Z. mengmeng MN076602	0.091	0.110	0.129	0.122	0.117	0.005
8.朱氏丑锤角叶蜂，新种 Z. sp. nov. MN076601	0.119	0.120	0.126	0.119	0.114	0.085	0.090
9.朱氏丑锤角叶蜂，新种 Z. sp. nov. MN076603	0.112	0.120	0.129	0.134	0.124	0.097	0.101	0.087
10.小垫丽锤角叶蜂 A. niui MN076604	0.111	0.123	0.115	0.110	0.100	0.130	0.130	0.113	0.129
11.美洲丑锤角叶蜂 Z. americana JN294219	0.112	0.118	0.121	0.116	0.122	0.085	0.100	0.121	0.140	0.144
12.美洲丑锤角叶蜂 Z. americana JN294191	0.120	0.123	0.115	0.121	0.119	0.092	0.108	0.118	0.134	0.144	0.015
13.美洲丑锤角叶蜂 Z. americana KR896368	0.121	0.125	0.121	0.114	0.130	0.090	0.109	0.112	0.144	0.153	0.004	0.012
14.鼓突丑锤角叶蜂 Z. inflata KR879052	0.135	0.138	0.142	0.123	0.138	0.097	0.120	0.110	0.158	0.157	0.037	0.032	0.034
15.鼓突丑锤角叶蜂 Z. inflata KR897608	0.127	0.133	0.137	0.119	0.131	0.093	0.111	0.118	0.157	0.150	0.035	0.031	0.034	0.000

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