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林业科学 ›› 2019, Vol. 55 ›› Issue (1): 119-127.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20190114

• 研究简报 • 上一篇    下一篇

杉木人工林土壤养分及酸杆菌群落结构变化

杨安娜1, 陆云峰2, 张俊红1, 吴家森1, 徐金良3, 童再康1   

  1. 1. 浙江农林大学 省部共建亚热带森林培育国家重点实验室 杭州 311300;
    2. 浙江省宁波市林业局林特种苗繁育中心 宁波 315012;
    3. 浙江省开化县林场 开化 324300
  • 收稿日期:2017-10-08 修回日期:2018-03-05 出版日期:2019-01-25 发布日期:2019-01-06
  • 基金资助:
    国家重点研发项目"杉木高效培育土壤肥力维持关键技术研究"(2016YFD060030404);浙江省省院合作林业科技项目(2016SY16)。

Changes in Soil Nutrients and Acidobacteria Community Structure in Cunninghamia lanceolata Plantations

Yang Anna1, Lu Yunfeng2, Zhang Junhong1, Wu Jiasen1, Xu Jinliang3, Tong Zaikang1   

  1. 1. The State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture Zhejiang Agriculture and Forestry University Hangzhou 311300;
    2. The Seeding Breeding Center of Ningbo Forestry Bureau Ningbo 315012;
    3. Kaihua Forestry Farm, Zhejiang Province Kaihua 324300
  • Received:2017-10-08 Revised:2018-03-05 Online:2019-01-25 Published:2019-01-06

摘要: [目的]研究浙江开化杉木人工林连栽过程中土壤养分及寡营养细菌酸杆菌群落变化规律,揭示不同类型杉木林地导致土壤肥力变化的酸杆菌分子生态学机制,为该地区杉木人工林林分结构调整、土壤资源的科学管理以及构建健康土壤生态系统提供科学依据。[方法]以马尾松林(对照)、马尾松林皆伐后的一代杉木林、杉木林迹地自然更新二代林土壤为研究对象,测定不同深度土层(0~20 cm,20~40 cm)的土壤pH、束缚水含量、有机碳及主要速效养分含量,比较分析土壤肥力水平,同时进行土壤细菌16S rDNA高通量测序分析了优势酸杆菌群的结构变化。[结果]1)马尾松林改植杉木后土壤酸化显著,碱解氮、有效磷及速效钾含量显著降低(P<0.05),不同林地肥力水平大致规律表现为马尾松林 > 杉木一代林 > 杉木连栽林。2)3种森林类型的土壤细菌中酸杆菌门均占明显优势(32.68%~49.17%),且连栽后的杉木连栽林0~20 cm土层酸杆菌占比显著高于马尾松林0~20 cm土层(P<0.05)。3)共检测出18个酸杆菌类群,其中Gp2在各个样地中均为绝对优势菌群,占酸杆菌群的47.74%~68.80%,Gp1占21.69%~29.72%,其次是Gp3占13.30%~22.41%。酸杆菌类群中Gp2优势加强,同时Gp3具有由优势菌属转变为次优势菌属的趋势。Gp1和Gp10相对丰度分别与土壤pH呈显著负相关(P=0.035)和显著正相关(P=0.035),Gp2相对丰度与土壤有效磷呈显著负相关(P=0.010)。[结论]马尾松林改植杉木及杉木人工林连栽过程中土壤肥力水平降低,而土壤寡营养细菌酸杆菌相对丰度提高,酸杆菌群落作为土壤优势菌群随土壤环境变化而不断调整,这预示着酸杆菌在杉木人工林土壤物质循环中起非常重要作用。

关键词: 杉木人工林, 土壤肥力, 16S rDNA测序, 土壤酸杆菌, 群落结构

Abstract: [Objective] This paper investigated the variation of soil nutrients and oligotrophic bacterium, Acidobacterium communities during continuous planting of Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation in Kaihua, Zhejiang Province, to reveal the molecular ecological mechanism of Acidobacterium causing soil fertility changes in different types of C. lanceolata plantations. This study aimed to provide scientific basis for the adjustment of C. lanceolata stand structure, the scientific management of soil resources as well as the construction of healthy soil ecosystem in this area.[Method] The soil samples at different depths (0-20 cm, 20-40 cm) were collected from three different plantations:Pinus massoniana plantation(served as control);the first rotation of C. lanceolata plantation established after the clear cutting of P. massoniana, and the natural regeneration second rotation of C. lanceolata plantation, in Kaihua Forestry Farm in Zhejiang. Nutrient contents, physical and chemical properties of soil were analyzed. Then, the bacterial 16S rDNA in soil was analyzed using high-throughput sequencing.[Result] 1) The replacement of P. massoniana plantation with C. lanceolata plantation led to a significant decrease in pH value, alkali-hydrolyzable nitrogen, available phosphorus and available kalium content(P<0.05). The soil fertility was ranked as the order of P. massoniana plantation > the first-rotation C. lanceolata plantation > the second-rotation C. lanceolata plantation. 2) On the phyla level, Acidobacteria were dominant in soil bacteria of the three forest types, accounting for 32.68%-49.17%. The Acidobacteria proportion in 0-20 cm soil layer of the second-rotation C. lanceolata plantation was significantly higher than that of P. massoniana plantation (P<0.05). 3) A total of 18 groups of Acidobacteria were detected and classified, among which Gp2 was the dominant group representing 47.74%-68.07% of the Acidobacteria. Gp1 occupied the second ranking, accounting for 18.35%-29.72%, followed by Gp3, accounting for 13.30%-22.41%. The dominance of Gp2 in Acidobacteria group was strengthened, and Gp3 had the trend of changing from dominant bacteria to subdominant bacteria. The relative dominance of Gp1 was significantly negatively correlated with soil pH(P=0.035), and that of Gp2 had a significantly negative correlation with available P(P=0.010), while Gp10 had a significantly positive correlation with soil pH(P=0.035).[Conclusion] With the increasing rotation of plantation, the soil available nutrient level was decreased, while the proportion of Acidobacteria was increased. The dominant genera within Acidobacteria varied with the soil environment, suggesting that Acidobacteria played important roles in soil nutrient cycling in C. lanceolata plantation.

Key words: Cunninghamia lanceolata plantation, soil fertility, 16S rDNA sequencing, soil Acidobacteria, community structure

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