重点生态区位商品林赎买中的林农认知及其影响因素——基于福建的案例调查

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20180914

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]揭示林农对重点生态区位商品林赎买政策的认知情况及其关键影响因素，为完善重点生态区位商品林赎买工作及生态补偿制度提供科学依据。[方法]基于福建永安、顺昌2个重点生态区位商品林赎买试点县（市）139户林农调查数据，分析林农对重点生态区位商品林赎买政策的认知情况，运用多元有序Logistic模型实证分析林农对赎买政策认知的影响因素，应用边际效应分析方法分析各因素的影响程度。[结果]1）从林农对重点生态区位商品林赎买政策的认知情况来看，61.87%的林农了解重点生态区位商品林赎买政策，但从了解程度上看，仅有25.18%的农户表示非常了解。2）从影响认知的因素看，林农个体特征因素中，年龄、受教育年限影响显著，性别和是否有村干部经历影响不显著；家庭特征因素中，农户类型是否为纯非农户影响显著，家庭人均收入、家庭中从事林业的劳动力人数对林农认知没有显著影响；在重点生态区位商品林林地特征中，家庭拥有重点生态区位商品林的面积、林地资源经营类型是否为用材林或毛竹林、林地经营方式均对林农认知具有显著影响；外部因素中，是否参与合作组织、周边农户讨论林业政策的频繁性、村干部对林业政策宣传的态度对林农认知具有显著影响，村庄与市中心的距离对林农认知影响不显著；进一步对主要影响因素的边际效应分析发现，林农对重点生态区位商品林赎买政策认知中"比较了解"的边际效应系数大于"完全了解"。[结论]林农对重点生态区位商品林赎买政策的认知整体水平较低；影响认知的主要因素有年龄、受教育年限、农户类型是否为纯非农户、家庭拥有重点生态区位商品林的面积、林地资源经营类型为用材林、林地资源经营类型为毛竹林、林地经营方式、是否参与合作组织、周边农户讨论林业政策的频繁性、村干部对林业政策宣传的态度以及地区。永安林农对重点生态区位商品林赎买政策的认知较顺昌高。林农对重点生态区位商品林赎买政策的认知程度倾向于"比较了解"，反映出林农对重点生态区位商品林赎买政策了解还不够深入。可以通过提高精准宣传的深度、扩大宣传渠道特别是注重发挥现代媒体的作用以及提高政策实施力度，以促进林农对政策认知的深度和广度。

关键词: 林农, 重点生态区位商品林, 赎买, 认知, 影响因素

Abstract: [Objective] Revealing the forest farmer's cognition and its influence factors of commercial forest redemption in key ecological location is very important. It will provide scientific basis for improving the redemption of commodity forest and promoting the implementation of national ecological compensation.[Method] Based on 139 household survey data from Fujian Province, the forest farmers' cognition of commercial forest redemption are analyzed. On this basis, the main factors influencing forest farmer's cognition and their marginal effects were investigated using the multinomial logistic model.[Result] Firstly, 61.87% of forest farmers have the cognition of the commercial forest redemption in key ecological locations, but only 25.18% of the farmers know it well. Secondly,in the view of the impact factors on the forest farmer's cognition of commercial forest redemption in key ecological location, for the individual characteristics, the influences of education degree and age are significant, whereas,those of gender and village cadres experience are not significant. In the family characteristics, the influence of farmers' type is significant, whereas,those per capita income and the number of forestry labor in family are not significant. For the woodland characteristics, the influences of woodland area, woodland management type is timber or bamboo forest or not, and the woodland management mode are significant.For the external factors, the influence of whether to participate in the cooperation organization or not, the frequency of forestry policy discussion and the attitude of village cadres on forestry policy propaganda are significant. The influence of distance between the village and the city center is not significant. In the further study of the marginal effect, it is found that the marginal effect coefficient of "comparative understanding" in cognition is greater than "complete understanding" [Conclusion] Firstly, the overall level of forest farmers' cognition of the commodity forest redemption is low; Secondly, among the influencing factors, age, education degree, the farmers' type, woodland area, woodland management type is timber or bamboo forest or not, woodland management mode, whether to participate in the cooperation organization or not, the frequency of forestry policy discussion, the attitude of village cadres on forestry policy propaganda and area are the main factors. Thirdly, the cognition in Yong'an is better than that in Shunchang. Finally, farmers' cognitive degree tends to be "better understood" reflecting that their understanding of policy is not deep enough. Therefore, the government can increase the depth of the accurate propaganda, expand publicity channels (especially paying attention to play the role of the modern media)and improve the policy enforcement to promote the depth and breadth of the forest farmer's cognition of the policy.

Key words: forest farmers, key ecological areas of commercial forest, redemption, cognition, influencing factors

中图分类号:

F307.2

郑晶, 林慧琦. 重点生态区位商品林赎买中的林农认知及其影响因素——基于福建的案例调查[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(9): 114-124.

Zheng Jing, Lin Huiqi. Forest Farmers’ Cognition and Its Influence Factors of Commercial Forest Redemption in Key Ecological Location ——Based on Case Study from Fujian Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(9): 114-124.

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