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林业科学 ›› 2018, Vol. 54 ›› Issue (4): 17-29.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20180403

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国特有植物短丝木犀的繁育系统

杨国栋, 钱慧蓉, 陈林, 王贤荣   

  1. 南京林业大学南方现代林业协同创新中心 南京林业大学生物与环境学院 南京 210037
  • 收稿日期:2017-09-14 修回日期:2017-11-06 出版日期:2018-04-25 发布日期:2018-05-28
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金项目(31300558);江苏省基础研究计划项目(BK20130972);江苏省高校优势学科建设工程资助项目(PAPD);南京林业大学高学历人才基金项目(GXL201308)。

Reproduction System of Osmanthus serrulatus, an Endemic Plant to China

Yang Guodong, Qian Huirong, Chen Lin, Wang Xianrong   

  1. Co-Innovation Center for the Sustainable Forestry in Southern China College of Biology and the Environment, Nanjing Forestry University Nanjing 210037
  • Received:2017-09-14 Revised:2017-11-06 Online:2018-04-25 Published:2018-05-28

摘要: [目的]通过对短丝木犀花粉的研究,包括花粉的散布范围及散布方式,揭示花粉在不同性别植株间的竞争及竞争机制;对斑块尺寸与自由授粉子代的适应性之间关联的探讨,以奠定对短丝木犀花部演化及其居群遗传进一步研究的理论及技术基础,有利于对其保护策略的制定。[方法]以雄全异株植物短丝木犀为研究对象,对四川省宝兴县东拉山的短丝木犀24个种群的性别比例进行统计,并对雄株和两性株的花部雌雄蕊形态、花粉粒数量和外部形态进行观察和比较;利用10对多态性微卫星(SSR)引物对24个种群中的271个候选父本的494个子代进行父本分析。[结果]1)东拉山短丝木犀群落中雄性与两性植株比接近1:1。两性株花的雌蕊发育正常,而单性雄株的花具有退化雌蕊的痕迹。2)在80%的置信度水平下,在所有确定父本的494个子代中,共376个子代(76%)确定了唯一的父本,其中来源于雄性和两性父本的子代分别为213个和163个。3)东拉山短丝木犀24个种群的平均有效花粉散布距离为(46.35±25.62) m,各母株的交配距离近似呈正态分布,进一步揭示出短丝木犀的异交模式。而种群内植株密度、海拔、风向等方面存在一定的差异,从而影响着短丝木犀的交配方式。[结论]短丝木犀的自然种群确为功能性的雄全异株,且自交亲和;并且这种繁育系统可能为两性同体与雌雄异株间的过渡类型,从雌雄同株到雌雄异株进化的一个过渡阶段。

关键词: 短丝木犀, 雄全异株, 繁育系统, 父本分析

Abstract: [Objective] To reveal the pollen competition in plants of different genders and its competitive mechanism via the exploration of the direction and scope of pollen dispersal of Osmanthus serrulatus, and to investigate the relationship between plaque size and the adaptability of progeny through open-pollination, so as to provide a theoretical and technological basis for further studies of floral evolution, population genetics and conservation strategies of O. serrulatus.[Method] O. serrulatus, an androdioecious plant species, was studied through a statistical investigation of the sex of individuals in 24 samples of different O. serrulatus populations collected from Donglashan Valley of Baoxing County in Sichuan Province. Observations and comparisons of pistil morphology, number of pollen grains, and external features of unisexual male individuals and hermaphrodites of O. serrulatus were made; 10 pairs of polymorphic SSR primers were used to analyze 271 candidate male parents and 494 progeny plants of 24 population samples.[Result] 1) For O. serrulatus in Donglashan Valley, the ratio of male individuals and hermaphrodites was 1:1. The pistils of the flowers of hermaphrodites developed soundly, while the flowers of unisexual males showed a reduced pistil. 2) Calculation at 80% confidence level was performed for 376 progeny trees (76%) to identify the sole male parent. Of all the progeny trees whose male parents had been identified, respectively 213 and 163 progeny trees were derived from male parents and bisexual parents. 3) The average effective dispersion radius for the pollens of the 24 population samples was 46.35±25.62 m. The mating distance of mother plants showed approximate normal distribution, further indicating outcrossing of the plants. Stocking density, altitude, wind direction and other factors may affect the mating pattern of O. serrulatus.[Conclusion] Experiments showed that natural populations of O. serrulatus are functionally androdioecious and self-compatible; and the reproduction system may be a transitional type evolving from hermaphrodite to diclinous.

Key words: Osmanthus serrulatus, androdioecy, breeding system, paternity analysis

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