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林业科学 ›› 2014, Vol. 50 ›› Issue (7): 66-73.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140710

• 论文与研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

干旱和复水对栓皮栎幼苗生长和生理特性的影响

崔豫川, 张文辉, 李志萍   

  1. 天津师范大学生命科学学院 天津市动植物抗性重点实验室 天津 300387
  • 收稿日期:2013-05-08 修回日期:2014-02-20 出版日期:2014-07-25 发布日期:2014-07-04
  • 基金资助:

    国家林业局林业公益性行业专项(201104011);国家自然科学基金项目(30872018)。

Effects of Drought Stress and Rewatering on Growth and Physiological Characteristics of Quercus variabilis Seedlings

Cui Yuchuan, Zhang Wenhui, Li Zhiping   

  1. Tianjin Key Laboratory of Animal and Plant Resistance College of Life Sciences, Tianjin Normal University Tianjin 300387
  • Received:2013-05-08 Revised:2014-02-20 Online:2014-07-25 Published:2014-07-04
  • Contact: 张文辉

摘要:

以2年生栓皮栎幼苗为试验材料,在盆栽条件下,采用称质量控水方法,设置不同的水分胁迫梯度,研究干旱胁迫和复水对栓皮栎幼苗生长、渗透调节和抗氧化系统的影响。结果表明:1) 干旱胁迫使栓皮栎幼苗的株高、基径、叶片数、干鲜质量均呈下降趋势,主根长和一级侧根长则随着胁迫度的提高而增长;2) 叶片保护酶活性均随胁迫时间的延长和胁迫度的提高呈先升后降的趋势,而丙二醛(MDA)含量逐渐升高,可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量先升高后下降;3) 干旱胁迫下,栓皮栎幼苗根、茎、叶中Na+含量随胁迫度的提高而下降,K+含量则变化不大,根和茎中的Zn2+含量减少,叶中Zn2+含量则呈上升的趋势;4)复水后,保护酶活性基本恢复到对照水平。MDA含量下降,但重度胁迫条件下仍高于对照(CK),且差异显著;可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量下降,与CK差异不显著;各器官中的矿质元素含量均基本恢复到CK水平。由此可见,在干旱胁迫下,栓皮栎幼苗减少地上部分生长、增加地下部分生长以适应干旱环境。在干旱胁迫前期和轻度胁迫下,栓皮栎幼苗通过增加保护酶活性、渗透调节物质等保护自身不受干旱胁迫伤害,随着胁迫时间延长和胁迫度提高,超出其耐受限度,保护酶活性下降,可溶性蛋白和脯氨酸含量减少;复水后,栓皮栎的各生理指标得到恢复,表现出较强的耐旱特性。

关键词: 栓皮栎, 干旱胁迫, 复水, 保护酶, 生长, 2年生幼苗

Abstract:

Effects of drought and rewatering on growth, osmoregulation, and antioxidants of two-year-old potted Quercus variabilis seedlingswere investigated. A weighting method was used to control soil water content, by which produced a different water stress gradient. The results showed that: 1) the plant height, basal diameter, leaf number, dry and fresh weight of root, stem and leaf declined with drought stress. Length of tap and secondary roots increased with the increase of stress degree. 2) Activities of antioxidant enzymes including peroxidase, superoxide dismutase, catalase in leaves elevated firstly and then decreased with the increase in duration and degree of drought stresses. Content of malondialdehyde (MDA) increased, while soluble protein and proline contents increased and then decreased during three-week drought treatment. 3) Under drought stress, the Na+ content in root, stem and leaf of Q.variabilis seedlings declined, whereas the content of K+ changed little; Zn2+ concentration decreased in root and stem, but increased in leaf. 4) After rewatering, activities of the antioxidant enzymes recovered to the control level; but MDA content decreased, with MDA content under severe drought stress was significantly higher than that of control. The content of soluble protein and proline decreased, showing no significant difference with control. Mineral elements in different plant organs also recovered to the control level. Thus, the Q.variabilis seedlings reduced aboveground growth and increased the belowground growth to adapt to drought stress. In addition, under light and moderate drought stresses, the Q.variabilis seedlings protected their leaves from damage through increased activities of antioxidant enzymes and osmotic regulation. With the aggravation of drought stress (duration and stress degree), activities of antioxidant enzymes, contents of soluble protein and proline decreased. After rewatering, physiological parameters of Q.variabilis recovered, indicating that Q.variabilis seedlings have a strong tolerance to adapt to drought stress.

Key words: Quercus variabilis, drought stress, rewatering, protective enzyme, growth, biennial Quercus variabilis seedlings

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