欧洲云杉扦插生根影响因子研究与生根力优良单株选择

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

采用悬臂式全光照自动间歇喷雾装置，按照L₈（1⁴×2²）的正交试验设计在甘肃省小陇山进行欧洲云杉ABT₁，IBA，NAA 4水平（0，50，100，200 mg ·L^-1）+插穗类型2水平（嫩枝、嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝）+处理时间2水平（1，2 h）试验，完全随机区组设计，2次重复；同时对823个欧洲云杉单株生根力进行研究。结果表明：ABT₁，IBA合理浓度对愈伤组织生根起主导作用，穗条类型和处理时间随激素类型的不同效应不同。ABT₁不同水平对生根率的影响差异显著，50 mg ·L^-1+嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝+处理1 h的生根率最高（89.0%），生根数以200 mg ·L^-1+嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝+处理2 h最多。IBA各水平间对生根的影响差异不显著，但以50 mg ·L^-1+嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝+处理2 h的生根率最高，100 mg ·L^-1+嫩枝基部带1.5年生硬枝+处理1 h的生根数最多。高浓度NAA对愈伤组织生根有抑制作用，生产中不宜用NAA作生根促进物质，但是低浓度短时间处理能促进穗条皮部生根。欧洲云杉单株间生根率的变幅为0~100.0%，单株选择潜力较大。扦插生根性状与生长性状不相关，欧洲云杉无性系选育和采穗圃营建在重视生长性状选择的同时也要重视单株生根性状的选择。欧洲云杉生根率、生根数、根系平均长之间存在显著或极显著正相关关系，进行生根性状选择时以容易测得的生根率进行选择，其他生根性状也会得到改良。

关键词: 欧洲云杉, 扦插, 生根, 影响因子, 遗传力

Abstract:

The rooting ability of Picea abies cuttings, exposed to full-light and auto-interval misting, and the affecting factors were studied with the orthogonal experimental design (L₈(1⁴×2²)) in Xiaolong Mountain of Gansu Province. The factors included three hormones (ABT₁, IBA and NAA) with four levels (0, 50, 100, 200 mg ·L^-1), two types of cutting wood (twig, and twig with 1.5-year-old branch), and two levels of treatment time (1 h and 2 h). The experiment arrangement was blocked with 2 replications in random. With these treatments and conditions, the rooting rate of 823 individuals was monitored. The results showed that the reasonable concentration of ABT₁ and IBA had dominant influence on rooting of P. abies shoot cutting, the types of shoot cutting and treatment time had different effects on rooting with different types of hormones. The rooting rate of shoot cutting was significantly different with different levels of ABT₁. The treatment of 50 mg ·L^-1ABT₁ + twig with branch + 2 h dipping had the maximal rooting rate with 89.0%, and the treatment of 200 mg ·L^-1 ABT₁ + twig with branch + 2 h dipping had maximal rooting number. IBA concentration itself had no significant influence on rooting ability of the shoot cutting, but the treatment of 50 mg ·L^-1 IBA + twig with branch + 2 h dipping, and 100 mg ·L^-1 IBA + twig with branch + 1 h dipping had the maximal rooting rate and maximal rooting number, respectively. The high concentration NAA had a negative effect on rooting of the calli, therefore, it is not recommended for application in practice, but low concentration NAA with short time soaking could improve rooting from the bark. The variation range of P. abies rooting ability was 0–100.00%, and the potential of individual selection was great. The rooting properties of P. abies was not correlated to growth properties, thus attention must also be paid to the choice of rooting properties when growth properties of P. abies was selected for clonal selection and cutting orchard construction. There were significantly positive correlations among rooting rate, rooting number and average length of roots. Thus, once rooting rate, an easy measured property, was selected, other properties of rooting would be improved genetically.

Key words: Picea abies, shoot cuttings, rooting ability, affecting factors, genetic ability

中图分类号:

胡勐鸿, 欧阳芳群, 贾子瑞, 王军辉, 张宋智, 马建伟. 欧洲云杉扦插生根影响因子研究与生根力优良单株选择[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(2): 42-49.

Hu Menghong, Ouyang Fangqun, Jia Zirui, Wang Junhui, Zhang Songzhi, Ma Jianwei. Factors Affecting Rooting of Picea abies Shoot Cuttings and Individual Selection with High Rooting Ability[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(2): 42-49.

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