柳杉不同优良无性系再生能力的差异

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20160806

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]利用生物技术方法，开展柳杉的组织快繁技术研究，为柳杉优良无性系的增殖扩繁和优良品种的推广提供理论和技术支持。[方法]以柳杉不同无性系无菌苗的嫩茎为外植体，采用激素种类及其浓度的L₉（3⁴）正交设计方法，研究各因素及其交互作用，对6个柳杉无性系植株的芽增殖能力和3个柳杉无性系植株的生根能力进行比较。[结果]6个柳杉无性系均能形成丛生芽，但不同无性系的芽增殖能力有很大差异。精1^#无性系不定芽增殖系数最高，为5.00；011^#，3^#和70^#无性系的芽苗颜色翠绿、健壮，芽增殖水平也较高；而59^#和68^#无性系的芽增殖系数为3.10和3.28，芽增殖效果较低，生长状况较差。对6个无性系芽增殖系数方差分析结果显示，6-BA及其与NAA的交互作用均对柳杉精1^#无性系芽增殖能力有极显著影响，而NAA在一定浓度范围内，对精1^#无性系芽增殖的影响不显著；而另5个无性系011^#，3^#，59^#，70^#，68^#，6-BA、NAA以及2种激素的交互效应均对各自的芽增殖系数有极显著的影响。柳杉不同无性系在芽增殖中起主导作用的激素类型亦存在一定的差异。在柳杉011^#、精1^#、3^#以及70^#无性系芽增殖过程中，起主导作用的因子是6-BA；而在柳杉59^#和68^#无性系芽增殖过程中，起主导作用的因子是NAA。3个柳杉无性系诱导出不定根，但不同无性系的生根率差异达到显著水平。011^#无性系的生根率、平均根数以及不定根形成能力在3个无性系中均处于最高水平，根长多处于2~3 cm范围内；70^#无性系的生根率次之，但平均根数和不定根的形成能力均不及3^#无性系，70^#无性系的根长以2.5~3.5 cm居多；而3^#无性系的平均根长达到4 cm以上，但生根率较低，为75.6%。[结论]对柳杉不同无性系的芽及根诱导差异的分析表明，柳杉无性系植株的芽增殖能力和生根能力均受到遗传基因的控制。柳杉不同无性系的组织培养再生能力对培养基类型及植物生长激素种类和配比的要求，有一定的特异性。

关键词: 柳杉, 无性系, 植株再生, 芽增殖, 生根能力

Abstract: [Objective] Studies were conducted to use biotechnology for multiplication of selected superior Cryptomeria clones, in order to provide theoretical and technical basis for multiplication of superior Cryptomeria clones and preservation of the genetic materials of Cryptomeria clones.[Method] Young shoots of different Cryptomeria clones were taken as explants were sterilized and treated with different hormones with different concentrations in different growing media, and an orthogonal design L₉(3⁴) was used to analyze their interaction. Bud multiplication of six Cryptomeria clones and rooting ability of three clones were compared to analyze differences among clones.[Result] The results showed that all the six clones formed multiple shoots and there were great differences in bud multiplication among different clones. The multiplication coefficient of clone ‘Jing 1’ reached 5.00 on average. Besides, clones ‘011’, ‘3’, and ‘7’ also displayed superiority. On the other hand, the multiplication coefficients of clone ‘59’ and ‘68’ were 3.10 and 3.28 respectively, indicating poor bud multiplication and growth. The results showed that the interaction between 6-BA and NAA and 6-BA alone had a great influence on the multiplication coefficients of the clone ‘Jing 1’. However, the influence of NAA was not significant within a certain range of concentration. Significant influences on bud multiplication coefficient were found between 6-BA, NAA and their interaction in other 5 clones ‘011’, ‘3’, ‘59’, ‘70’ and ‘68’. There were differences among hormone types which play a leading role in bud multiplication of different clones. The main factor in the multiplication of clone ‘011’ ‘Jing 1’, ‘3’ and ‘70’ was 6-BA while the main factor in the multiplication of clone ‘59’ and ‘68’ was NAA. Three clones that produced adventitious roots displayed significant difference in rooting rate among clones, among the three clones, the clone ‘011’ showed the highest levels in rooting rate, number of average roots, the ability of forming adventitious roots, and the length of most roots of the clone extended from 2 to 3 cm. The rooting rate of clone ‘70’ took the second place with the length of roots extending from 2.5 to 3.5 cm. In contrast, clone ‘3’ had root length more than 4 cm but the lower rooting rate (75.6%).[Conclusion] By analyzing differences in bud multiplication and root induction among Cryptomeria clones, it indicated that the capacity of bud multiplication and rooting ability were genetically controlled. The regeneration capacity through tissue culture of different Cryptomeria clones requires specific types of culture media, and hormones and their respective proportions.

Key words: Cryptomeria, clone, regeneration capacity, bud multiplication, rooting ability

中图分类号:

S723.1

徐进, 祝晨辰, 欧阳磊, 施季森. 柳杉不同优良无性系再生能力的差异[J]. 林业科学, 2016, 52(8): 46-52.

Xu Jin, Zhu Chenchen, Ouyang Lei, Shi Jisen. The Difference in Regeneration Capacity of Selected Cryptomeria Group Clones in vitro[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2016, 52(8): 46-52.

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