关键词: 鸟类, 栖息地选择, 适宜性评价, 破碎化

Abstract:

Study on wildlife habitats is one of the cornerstones of zoology; it can provide theoretical support and reference for resources management, artificial rearing and ex-situ conservation of endanger animals with insightful perspectives of the interaction between animals and habitats. This article reviewed comprehensively studies of bird habitats with aspects of methodologies, habitat selection and evaluation and habitat fragmentation. Traditionally, sampling techniques of strip sampling method and 0.04 hm² circular plot were most frequently employed by researchers. However, application of 3S technology by more and more ornithologists remarkably promotes research efficiency and enlarges the scope of bird habitats. Birds select their habitats mainly based on vegetation type, and other affiliated factors which vary according to spatial scale, seasons and phases of bird's life history. Based on the habitat selection, researchers can evaluate the suitability of different habitats, propose a reasonable rank and provide theoretical reference for birds' habitat conservation and restoration. Finally, the paper discussed the influence of habitat fragmentation on bird behavior, nesting success, breeding success and distribution of bird community. This article also predicted the trends of research object, method, content and other aspects of the domestic avian habitats.

Key words: aves, habitat selection, suitability assessment, fragmentation