苦豆草中抑制杉炭疽菌分生孢子萌发的物质

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

预试验发现苦豆草地上部分乙醇提取物对杉炭疽菌有较强的抑制活性,进一步用不同溶剂,在不同pH条件下萃取将苦豆草乙醇提取物分离为4个组分。生测表明其生物碱部分对该菌的抑菌活性最强。将生物碱部分用氧化铝柱层析分离得到7种单体结晶。用熔点、旋光度、红外、和GC-MS得到的MS数据与文献相应数据对照鉴定了这7种生物碱,它们分别是:槐果碱、苦参碱、槐胺碱、莱曼碱、槐定碱、苦豆碱、野靛碱。用纸环法生测表明这7种生物碱对杉炭疽菌分生孢子萌发均具有较强的抑制活性;它们的EC50为:苦豆碱72.0μg/ mL,野槐胺碱198.0μg/ mL,苦参碱86.0μg/m L,槐果碱24.0μg/ mL,槐定碱26.0μg/mL,莱曼碱126.0μg/m L,而相同条件下的常用杀菌剂75 %百菌清和70 %甲基托布津的EC₅₀值分别为82.0和118.0 μg/ mL。

关键词: 苦豆草, 杉炭疽菌, 生物碱, 分生孢子, EC₅₀

Abstract:

From the preliminary screen it was found that the ethanol extracts from airy parts of Sophora alopecaroidescould inhibit G.cingulata effectively.Four parts were separated from the ethanol extracts of S. alopecuroides under conditions of certain pH and using certain solvents.Bioassay showed that the alkaloid part was the strongest portion to inhibit the fungus.Seven monomers were isolated from the alkaloid part by chromatog raphy on an alumina column and they were identified as sophocarpine, matrine, sophoramine, lehmanine, sophoradine, aloperine and cytisine in comparison with the measured data of m.p., IR optical rotation and MS and those from literature.Bioassay using the paper ring method indicated that all the seven alkaloids were of relatively strong activity to inhibit germination of the conidia of G.cingnalata, their EC₅₀ were 72.0μg/mL for aloperine, 227.0μg/mL for cytisine, 190.0μg/mL for sophoramine, 86.0 μg/mL for matrine, 24.0μg/mL for sophocarpine, 26.0 μg/mL for sophoradine, 126.0μg/m L for lehanine; the EC₅₀ for the common fungicides, 75 %Daconial and 70 % Topsin-M, were 82.0 and 118.0μg/mL respectively under the same conditions of the bioassay.

Key words: Sophora alopecuroides L., Alkaloid, Glomerella cingulata(Stonem) Schr et Spauld, Conidium, EC₅₀

赵博光,蒋继宏. 苦豆草中抑制杉炭疽菌分生孢子萌发的物质[J]. 林业科学, 1999, 35(5): 62-67.

Boguang Zhao,Jihong Jiang. SUBSTANCES FROM SOPHORA ALOPECAROIDES WHICH INHIBIT GERMINATION OF THE CONIDIA IN GLOMERALLA CINGULATA[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 1999, 35(5): 62-67.

图/表 5

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