潜叶危害枫杨的额潜叶蜂属一新种（膜翅目：叶蜂科）

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20230513

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 报道和描述这种膜翅目叶蜂科的潜叶新害虫，并明确潜叶蜂亚科的分类地位和部分潜叶蜂属种的系统学问题。方法: 采用经典比较形态学研究法，确定本种害虫的所属类群和种类名称。利用第二代测序技术，完成全基因组测序；并对其线粒体基因组进行组装和分析，构建基于蛋白质编码基因的系统发育关系。结果: 确定了危害枫杨的一种膜翅目叶蜂科食叶新害虫：枫杨额潜叶蜂Sinoscolia fengyang Wei & Niu, sp. nov.。该种与额潜叶蜂属模式种短角额潜叶蜂 Sinoscolia brevicornis Wei & Nie, 1998近似，但唇基前缘具明显浅缺口，上唇黑褐色；单眼后区隆起程度不高于单眼面，中纵沟浅弱；中窝区明显小于额区，额脊近似方形，额区宽于复眼与额脊距离；触角长1.6倍于头部宽；后翅臀室长于臀室柄部2倍，臀室柄长1.5倍于cu-a脉长。后者唇基端部截型，上唇黄褐色；单眼后区隆起程度高于单眼面，中纵沟深；中窝区与额区几乎等大，额区近似圆形，宽度小于复眼与额脊距离，触角长1.4倍于头部宽；后翅臀室等长于臀室柄2倍，臀室柄长2倍于cu-a脉。额潜叶蜂属Sinoscolia Wei & Nie, 1998是中国特有属，与闭潜叶蜂属Scolioneura Konow近似，但上颚不对称，左上颚3齿，右上颚双齿；后翅R1室宽阔开放，锯腹片锯刃几乎平直，阳茎瓣腹侧端部具发达横突等，与后者不同。基于线粒体基因组数据建立的分子系统发育关系，简要讨论了潜叶蜂亚科及部分属种的系统学地位。结论: 形态学和基因组系统发育研究均支持枫杨额潜叶蜂Sinoscolia fengyang Wei & Niu, sp. nov.新种成立；凹颜叶蜂亚科Heterarthrinae是潜叶蜂亚科Fenusinae的内群，应并入后者；纹潜叶蜂属Kaliofenusa和潜叶蜂属Fenusa关系较远，应各自独立；横带丝潜叶蜂Fenusella nana (Klug, 1816)不是丝潜叶蜂属Fenusella的成员，日本原潜叶蜂Profenusa japonica Togashi, 1981不是原潜叶蜂属Profenusa的成员。

关键词: 膜翅目, 叶蜂科, 潜叶蜂亚科, 额潜叶蜂属, 枫杨属

Abstract:

Objective: A new sawfly pest mining leaves of Pterocarya stenoptera in North China was reported and described. The systematic status of Fenusinae and Heterarthrinae as well as some genera and species of mining sawflies were clarified. Method: The classical comparative morphology was used to clarify the name and the systematic status of the pest. The whole genome of the new pest was sequenced by second-generation sequencing technology. Mitogenome was assembled and the phylogenetic trees of Fenusinae were inferred. Result: The pest was confirmed to be a new species of Fenusinae, Tenthredinidae: Sinoscolia fengyang Wei & Niu, sp. nov. This new species is similar to the type species, Sinoscolia brevicornis Wei & Nie, but differs from the latter by the following characteristics: the anterior margin of clypeus incised, labrum brownish black; the postocellar area not higher than top of ocelli, the middle furrow shallow; the middle fovea clearly smaller than frons, the frontal walls subquadrate; frons broader than distance between frons and inner margin of eye; antenna about 1.6 times as long as head breadth; the anal cell of hind wing more than 2 times as long as anal petiole, the anal petiole 1.5 times as long as cu-a. Sinoscolia Wei & Nie, 1998 is a genus endemic to China and is similar to Scolioneura Konow, but differs from it by the mandibles asymmetric, left mandible with 3 teeth and right one with 2 teeth; the cell R1 in hind wing broadly open; serrulae almost flat; penis valve with distinct ventral apical process. Based on mitochondrial genome data, a molecular phylogenetic relationship was established to briefly discuss the systematic status of Fenusinae as well as some genera and species. Conclusion: Sinoscolia fengyang is a new species of Fenusinae based on morphological study and the mitochondrial genomic analysis. Heterarthrinae is an ingroup of Fenusinae, so the former should be merged into Fenusinae. Both Kaliofenusa and Fenusa are valid and independent genera. Fenusella nana (Klug, 1816) is not a member of Fenusella, and Profenusa japonica Togashi, 1981 is not a member of Profenusa.

Key words: Hymenoptera, Tenthredinidae, Heterarthrinae, Sinoscolia, Pterocarya

中图分类号:

S718.7

谭贝贝,付怀军,牛耕耘,魏美才. 潜叶危害枫杨的额潜叶蜂属一新种（膜翅目：叶蜂科）[J]. 林业科学, 2025, 61(1): 159-165.

Beibei Tan,Huaijun Fu,Gengyun Niu,Meicai Wei. A New Species of Sinoscolia Wei & Nie (Hymenoptera: Tenthredinidae) Mining Leaves of Pterocarya stenoptera[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(1): 159-165.

图/表 3

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