白杨无性系叶片水力及经济性状与生物量的关系

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20210981

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探究杨树无性系叶片水力及经济性状与生物量的关系，以期探寻预测无性系生物量的可靠指标，对早期选育高产速生无性系具有指导意义。方法: 以来源于同一父母本具有不同生长速率的8个4年生白杨无性系为研究对象，在生长季（7—9月）测定叶片水力性状（叶片维管水力导度K_{leaves HPFM}、叶片水力导度K_{leaf EFM}、叶脉密度VD、导管直径D_v、导管水力直径D_h、气孔密度SD和气孔长度SL）、叶片经济性状（比叶面积SLA、叶片全碳含量C、全氮含量N和全碳氮比C/N），生长季结束时（10月）计算地上部分生物量AGB，分析无性系间生物量、叶片水力性状和经济性状的差异，探究三者间的关系。结果: 无性系间地上部分生物量、叶片水力性状、经济性状存在显著差异。AGB总体排序为：K1>K2>K3>Z2>Z1>M3>Z3>M1，大部分无性系的生长趋势与母体树（8年生）保持一致。与叶经济性状变异系数（2.0%~12.0%）相比，水力性状变异系数范围较大（4.5%~13.2%）。叶片水力性状和经济性状不相关，但二者均与地上部分生物量相关。在水力性状中，K_{leaves HPFM}、VD、D_v和D_h越大，AGB越高，均呈显著正相关，而SD、SL和K_{leaf EFM}与AGB无相关性。在经济性状中，SLA和AGB呈显著负相关，而C、N和C/N与AGB无相关性。多元线性回归分析表明，VD是影响地上部分生物量的主要指标（t=2.957）。结论: 白杨无性系具有稳定的生长趋势，且无性系间叶水力及经济性状存在差异。这为找寻预测生物量指标提供了可能。与经济性状相比，水力性状可以较好地预测该无性系的地上生物量，且叶脉密度（VD）可能是预测地上生物量的关键因子。

关键词: 杨树无性系, 种内变异, 叶片水力性状, 叶片经济性状, 地上生物量

Abstract:

Objective: Both leaf hydraulic and economic traits affect biomass accumulation as they can quantify and reflect the ability of plants to acquire water-carbon resources and their trade-off strategies. This study aims to explore the relationship between leaf hydraulic and economic traits and biomass of poplar clones, so as to find a reliable index for predicting clonal biomass, which could have guiding significance for early breeding of high-yield and fast-growing clones. Method: Eight 4-year-old white poplar clones with different growth rates and derived from the same parents (Populus alba 'I-101' × (P. Alba × P. Glandulosa) '84K') were used as the study subjects. Hydraulic traits (leaf vascular hydraulic conductance K_leaves_HPFM, leaf hydraulic conductance K_leaf_EFM, vein density VD, vessel diameter D_v, hydraulic weighted vessel diameter D_h, stomatal density SD and stomatal length SL) and the economic traits (specific leaf area SLA, leaf total carbon content C, leaf total nitrogen content N, and leaf total carbon/nitrogen ratio C/N) were measured in the growing season (July to September). Above-ground biomass (AGB) was calculated at the end of the growing season (October). Then the variations of biomass, leaf hydraulic and economic traits among the clones were analyzed to investigate the relationships among them. Result: There were significant differences in above-ground biomass, leaf hydraulic and economic traits among the clones. The AGB overall ranked as follows: K1 > K2 > K3 > Z2 > Z1 > M3 > Z3 > M1, suggesting that the growth trend of most clones was consistent with the parent tree (8-year-old). Compared with that of leaf economic traits, the variation coefficient of hydraulic traits was larger (2.0%-12.0% VS 4.5%-13.2%). Leaf hydraulic traits and economic traits decoupled with each other, however, they were both related to above-ground biomass. In terms of hydraulic traits, K_leaves_HPFM, VD, D_v and D_h increased with AGB, all showing a significant positive correlation. However, SD, SL and K_leaf_EFM were not correlated with AGB. As for economic traits, SLA was significantly negatively correlated with AGB, while C, N and C/N were not correlated with AGB. Further multiple linear regression analysis showed that VD was the main index affecting biomass (t = 2.957). Conclusion: The white poplar clones show a steady growth trend, and there are differences in leaf hydraulic and economic traits among the clones, which would provide a possibility for finding predictive biomass indicators at early growth stage. Compared with leaf economic traits, hydraulic traits can be the better predictors of the aboveground biomass of those clones, with vein density (VD) being the key factor.

Key words: poplar clones, intra-specific variation, leaf hydraulic traits, leaf economic traits, above-ground biomass

中图分类号:

S718

王薇,赵涵,黄欣,侯卓梁,姜在民,蔡靖. 白杨无性系叶片水力及经济性状与生物量的关系[J]. 林业科学, 2023, 59(10): 89-98.

Wei Wang,Han Zhao,Xin Huang,Zhuoliang Hou,Zaimin Jiang,Jing Cai. Relationship Between Leaf Hydraulic and Economic Traits and Biomass of Poplar Clones[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(10): 89-98.

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指标Indicators		无性系Clones
指标Indicators		K1	K2	K3	Z1	Z2	Z3	M1	M3	CV（%）
叶水力性状 Leaf hydraulic traits	K_leavesHPFM（×10⁴）	3.19±0.54a	3.01±0.47a	2.54±0.34a	2.73±0.34a	2.80±0.09a	2.94±0.54a	2.07±0.18a	2.43±0.12a	13.2
	K_{leaf EFM}	7.74±0.72a	7.59±0.81a	6.70±0.58a	7.81±1.5a	8.05±0.51a	8.40±1.12a	6.73±0.64a	8.49±1.08a	8.8
	VD	1.56±0.06a	1.55±0.03a	1.57±0.03a	1.54±0.05a	1.50±0.06a	1.42±0.05ab	1.24±0.04b	1.25±0.05b	9.4
	D_v	20.62±1.04a	18.20±1.42ab	16.63±1.61abc	14.98±0.29bc	13.62±0.58c	16.42±0.83abc	13.50±0.50c	14.46±0.36bc	5.3
	D_h	23.02±0.86a	19.46±1.64ab	18.33±1.52ab	17.19±0.44b	16.25±0.41b	18.86±0.95ab	15.29±0.68b	16.24±0.33b	4.5
	SD	460.16±28.20c	506.71±14.84abc	498.71±29.51bc	439.56±12.86c	582.81±18.18ac	454.55±13.74c	606.67±33.21a	502.83±25.28abc	11.9
	SL	25.67±0.27a	22.78±0.20c	23.04±0.18bc	23.85±0.29b	20.88±0.20e	23.06±0.29bc	22.23±0.25cd	21.59±0.31de	6.4
叶经济性状 Leaf economic traits	SLA	147.46±6.67cd	149.04±1.90bcd	150.45±4.03bcd	181.82±13.24ab	143.81±6.64d	181.03±8.32abc	194.76±9.13a	156.13±4.54bcd	12.0
	C	46.61±0.25a	45.62±0.23ab	43.63±0.64c	46.24±0.33ab	45.07±0.37abc	45.59±0.39ab	45.43±0.21ab	44.91±0.25bc	2.0
	N	3.15±0.13ab	3.28±0.10a	2.68±0.12b	3.12±0.09ab	2.67±0.10b	3.09±0.08ab	2.92±0.07ab	3.22±0.13a	7.7
	C/N	15.57±0.54abc	13.71±0.35c	16.43±0.75ab	14.22±0.42bc	16.98±0.70a	15.32±0.58abc	15.61±0.35abc	14.51±0.66abc	7.2

指标Indicators		叶水力性状Leaf hydraulic traits							叶经济性状Leaf economic traits
指标Indicators		K_{leaves HPFM}	K_{leaf EFM}	VD	logD_v	logD_h	SD	SL	SLA	N	C	C/N
叶片水力性状 Leaf hydraulic traits	K_{leaves HPFM}	1
	K_{leaf EFM}	0.44	1
	VD	0.73*	?0.11	1
	logD_v	0.77*	0.00	0.60	1
	logD_h	0.84**	0.09	0.64	0.98**	1
	SD	?0.60	?0.39	?0.47	?0.62	?0.64	1
	SL	0.53	?0.13	0.49	0.81*	0.82*	?0.68	1
叶片经济性状 Leaf economic traits	SLA	?0.51	?0.16	?0.60	?0.43	?0.52	0.04	?0.02	1
	N	0.33	0.46	?0.13	0.43	0.36	?0.51	0.37	0.08	1
	C	0.49	0.34	0.10	0.35	0.41	?0.34	0.56	0.14	0.63	1
	C/N	?0.14	?0.26	0.08	?0.24	?0.13	0.45	?0.22	?0.18	?0.90**	?0.44	1

因子Parameters	系数Coefficients	t	VIF	R²	P
常量 Constant	2.548	1.291	—	0.876	0.005
叶脉密度 VD	2.582	2.957	1.362
比叶面积 SLA	?0.018	?2.894	1.362

分组 Group	指标 Traits	主成分1 PC1	主成分2 PC2
生物量 Biomass	AGB	0.34	?0.26
叶水力性状 Leaf hydraulic traits	K_{leaves HPFM}	0.37	?0.08
	K_{leaf EFM}	0.11	0.22
	VD	0.29	?0.33
	logD_V	0.37	?0.07
	logD_h	0.38	?0.04
	SD	?0.32	?0.14
	SL	0.32	0.07
叶经济性状 Leaf economic traits	SLA	?0.22	0.36
	C	0.21	0.35
	N	0.21	0.49
	C/N	?0.14	?0.48
	% of variance	49.0	22.1

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