基于实测白榆蒸腾速率校正计算液流速率的Granier原始公式

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200617

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 验证Granier原始公式在计算白榆树干液流速率上的适应性，分析误差大小，并据此对Granier公式校正，以提高对白榆蒸腾速率的估计准确性。方法: 以白榆为对象，采用热扩散式探针法(TDP)测定树干温差并通过Granier原始公式计算树干液流速率。以整树容器称重法为验证基准，即以称量测定的蒸腾速率为因变量，以热扩散式探针法测定的温差系数K为自变量，进行曲线拟合，得到Granier校正公式。结果: Granier原始公式计算的液流速率日变化规律与整树容器称重法的测定值一致，呈"单峰型"特征，但Granier公式计算的液流速率比称重法测定值低80%以上；对Granier原始公式校正(F_d=0.059 6K^{0.916 4}，R²=0.704 9)以后重新计算的液流速率(F_d)与称重法测定值的差异率基本维持在-30%~30%之间。白榆Granier校正公式的残差在-2~+2之间，表明此拟合方程是有效的。结论: 原始公式计算的白榆液流速率明显低于称量测定的蒸腾速率真值，不能准确表达真实蒸腾速率，造成的误差较大；但校正后的Granier公式能表达真实液流量。因此，应采用校正的Granier原始公式，以准确估计白榆的真实液流速率。

关键词: 白榆, 液流, 热扩散式探针法, Granier原始公式校正

Abstract:

Objective: In this paper,the adaptability of Granier's original formula in estimating the sap flow of Ulmus pumila trunk was verified and the possible error was analyzed,so as to improve the accuracy of estimating the transpiration rate of U. pumila by correcting the Granier's formula. Method: U. pumila was selected as a research object in this paper. The temperature differences of the trunk of U. pumila were measured by thermal diffusion probe method (TDP),and the sap flow velocity was calculated by Granier's original formula. The whole tree container weighing method was used as the verification benchmark. The transpiration rate determined by the weighing method was used as the dependent variable,and the temperature difference coefficient K determined by the thermal diffusion probe method was used as the independent variable. Curve fitting was performed with the data to obtain the Granier correction formula. Result: The daily variation of the flow rate calculated by Granier's original formula was consistent with the measured value of the whole tree container weighing method,showing a "single peak" curve. However,the sap flow rate calculated by the Granier formula was more than 80% lower than the measured value of the weighing method. After the correction of Granier original formula (F_d=0.059 6K^{0.916 4},R²=0.704 9; K is referred to the temperature difference coefficient determined by the thermal diffusion probe method),the difference between the calculated flow rate (F_d) and the gravimetric method was basically maintained between -30% and 30%. The residuals of the U. pumila Granier correction formula were between -2 and +2,indicating that this fitting equation was valid. Conclusion: The sap flow rate of U. pumila calculated by the original formula is significantly lower than the true value of transpiration rate measured by weighing,and thus it cannot accurately express the true transpiration rate and cause a large errors. However,the corrected Granier formula can estimate the true sap flow. Therefore,the corrected Granier original formula should be used to accurately estimate the true sap flow rate of U. pumila.

Key words: Ulmus pumila, sap flow, thermal diffusion probe method, Granier original formula correction

中图分类号:

S718.43

马玉洁,李春友,武鹏飞,尹昌君,马长明. 基于实测白榆蒸腾速率校正计算液流速率的Granier原始公式[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(6): 179-185.

Yujie Ma,Chunyou Li,Pengfei Wu,Changjun Yin,Changming Ma. Correction of Granier's Original Formula Coefficient for Calculating Sap Flow Based on the Measured Transpiration Rate of Ulmus pumila[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(6): 179-185.

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编号 No.	树高 Height/cm	胸径 DBH/cm	冠幅 Crown width	边材面积 Sapwood area/cm²
1	310	10.62	190 cm×200 cm	29.15
2	290	10.26	180 cm×195 cm	24.56
3	320	11.20	200 cm×210 cm	30.64

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