基于林分潜在生长量的立地质量评价方法与应用

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20181213

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]提出一种基于林分潜在生长量的立地质量评价方法，为精准提升森林质量提供可靠依据。[方法]首次严格定义潜在立地生产力概念，推导出潜在生产力和现实生产力的模型和计算方法，提出立地元素-林分元素-林分生长类型-现实生产力和潜在生产力模型-落实到地块的立地质量制图技术流程，并以吉林省针阔混交林为例，利用4期一类清查固定样地数据，基于林分潜在生长量的立地质量评价方法开展案例研究。[结果]影响吉林省林地立地质量的主要立地因子包括地貌、海拔、坡位、坡度、土壤类型和腐殖质层厚度；采用立地类型约束的树高生长分级法，将6个因子组合的立地类型分为5个等级，针阔混交林不同立地等级的林分平均高、断面积和蓄积量生长模型具有较好的生物学意义和统计可靠性，决定系数（R²）分别为0.991 8、0.986 6和0.984 2；5个立地等级的潜在蓄积生产力在3.6~5.8 m³·hm^-2a^-1间，并给出了立地潜在生长量对应的合理林分密度。[结论]基于林分潜在生长量的立地质量评价方法适用于纯林和混交林，可以回答一定立地的最大生产力及现存林分通过密度调控可以提高多少生产力。

关键词: 立地质量, 潜在生长量, 立地分级, 林分生长类型, 混交林

Abstract: [Objective] Site quality assessment is fundamental to forest management and important for understanding forest growth process, estimating forest growth and yield and making silviculture practices. However, most of studies focused on site index for site quality assessment and cannot predict potential site productivity because they used realized forest inventory data. The objective of this study is to develop a methodology for site quality assessment based on basal area- or volume-related potential increment.[Method] This study gave the definition of potential site productivity and developed the models for estimating potential and realized site productivity. The procedure for site quality assessment was put forward which included site unit-stand unit-stand growth type-potential and realized productivity models-mapping site quality at sub-compartment level. A case study for mixed conifer-broad-leaved forests was carried out with the application of the methodology and national forest inventory data in Jilin Province.[Result] Site factors affecting site productivity mainly included elevation, aspect, slope position, slope, soil type, and humus depth, respectively. Site types were classified as 5 site classes through stand height growth grouping with the constraints of these site factors. Growth models of stand mean height, basal area and volume were developed by site classes with biological and statistical reasonability. The coefficients of determination were 0.991 8, 0.986 6 and 0.984 2, respectively. The potential productivity varied from 3.6 to 5.8 m³·hm^-2a^-1. The optimal stand density at potential productivity was also estimated.[Conclusion] The methodology for potential site productivity estimation is applicable for both pure and mixed forest which could predict the maximum mean annual increment at specific sites and improve the realized productivity by stand density control. It is expected to be as a reference for forest quality improvement.

Key words: site quality, potential mean annual increment, site class, stand growth type, mixed forest

中图分类号:

S757

雷相东, 符利勇, 李海奎, 李玉堂, 唐守正. 基于林分潜在生长量的立地质量评价方法与应用[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(12): 116-126.

Lei Xiangdong, Fu Liyong, Li Haikui, Li Yutang, Tang Shouzheng. Methodology and Applications of Site Quality Assessment Based on Potential Mean Annual Increment[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(12): 116-126.

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