马尾松产脂性状与生长性状的无性系变异及相关性

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20181209

摘要/Abstract

摘要： [目的]马尾松是我国南方山地的主要针叶用材和采脂树种。本文研究产脂性状在产地间和产地内的遗传变异及与其他经济性状的关系，为培育高产优质的马尾松无性系奠定理论基础。[方法]利用34年生不同产地马尾松的无性系试验林来估计生长、产脂力和松脂组分在产地间和产地内无性系间遗传变异的相对大小以及性状间的相关性。[结果]用气相色谱-质谱联用仪共检出26种松脂组分。方差分析结果表明，产脂力和松脂组分在产地间和产地内无性系间皆存在显著差异，其中产地内无性系间的变异是其变异的主要来源，占总变异的30.93%~80.89%。生长性状中除冠幅外其他性状的遗传变异主要来自产地间，占总变异的40.13%~52.89%。胸径（DBH）与产脂力呈显著正相关（r_G=0.67）。松脂组分中，发现有6种组分与产脂力呈中度相关。松脂组分间，较强的遗传相关主要存在于同一萜类内，尤其是倍半萜类内。聚类结果显示单萜与二萜距离更近，与倍半萜相对较远。最后，兼顾产脂力、生长和松脂品质，选出11个高蒎烯和9个高枞酸型树脂酸含量的优良无性系。[结论]产脂力和松脂组分变异主要来自产地内的无性系间，因此在松脂性状改良过程中更应注重产地内优树的选择。胸径和6种松脂组分可用于间接选择产脂力。松脂化学组分间，较强的遗传相关主要存在于同一类萜类组分间。选出11个高蒎烯和9个高枞酸型树脂酸含量且生长好、松脂产量高的优良无性系。

关键词: 马尾松, 产地, 无性系, 生长, 产脂力, 松脂组分, 遗传变异

Abstract: [Objective] Pinus massoniana is a commercially important conifer for timber and oleoresin in South China. This paper studies genetic variation among origins and clones within origins and their relationship with other economic traits of P. massoniana, so as to lay a theoretical basis for breeding high-yield and high-quality P. massoniana clones.[Method] 34 years old clonal plantations of P. massoniana from different habitats were used to estimate the genetic variation among origins and clones within origins and the correlations among growth, oleoresin yield and compositions.[Result]A total of 26 chemical compositions were identified by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry analysis. The result of ANOVA revealed significant differences among origins and clones within origins for the capability of oleoresin yield and oleoresin compositions. The variation of clones within origins with the variance components ranging from 30.93% to 80.89% was the main source of genetic variation. However, the significant differences were only observed among origins for all studied growth traits except crown width with the variance components of 40.13% to 52.89%. Diameter at breast height (DBH) exhibited positive genetic correlation with the capability of oleoresin yield (r_G=0.67). Among oleoresin compositions, only six compositions were moderately correlated with oleoresin yield. Strong genetic correlations were found mainly among the compositions within the same class of terpenes, especially for the sesquiterpenes. The hierarchical cluster analysis revealed monoterpenes are closely related to diterpenes, and clearly distant from sesquiterpenes. Finally,taking into account the capability of oleoresin yield,growth and oleoresin compositions,eleven high pinene and nine high abietic acid content of superior clones were selected.[Conclusion]Our results revealed that greater variation is among clones within origins for oleoresin yield and compositions, indicating the importance of within origins selection in improving oleoresin traits. DBH and six oleoresin compositions can be used to indirect selection of the capability of oleoresin yield. Strong genetic correlations existed mainly among composition within the same class of terpene. Based on growth and the capability of oleoresin yield,eleven high pinene and nine high abietic acid content of superior clones were selected.

Key words: Pinus massoniana, origins, clones, growth, oleoresin yield, oleoresin compositions, genetic variation

中图分类号:

尹焕焕, 刘青华, 周志春, 余启新, 丰忠平. 马尾松产脂性状与生长性状的无性系变异及相关性[J]. 林业科学, 2018, 54(12): 82-91.

Yin Huanhuan, Liu Qinghua, Zhou Zhichun, Yu Qixin, Feng Zhongping. Genetic Variation among Clones of Masson Pine (Pinus massoniana) for Growth, Oleoresin traits and Their Correlations[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2018, 54(12): 82-91.

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