石榴‘泰山红’的花粉萌发生物学特性

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20131008

林业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (10): 48-53.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20131008

石榴‘泰山红’的花粉萌发生物学特性

杨尚尚^1,2, 苑兆和¹, 李云¹, 李芹¹, 尹燕雷¹, 冯立娟¹, 招雪晴¹

1. 山东省果树研究所泰安 271000;
2. 山东农业大学林学院泰安 271018

收稿日期:2012-10-26 修回日期:2013-02-23 出版日期:2013-10-25 发布日期:2013-11-05
通讯作者: 苑兆和
基金资助:
山东省科技发展计划项目(2011GNC11025);山东省农业科技成果转化资金项目(鲁科农字[2010]79号)。

Biological Characteristics of Pollen Germination of ‘Taishanhong’ Pomegranate

Yang Shangshang^1,2, Yuan Zhaohe¹, Li Yun¹, Li Qin¹, Yin Yanlei¹, Feng Lijuan¹, Zhao Xueqing¹

1. Shandong Institute of Pomology Tai'an 271000;
2. College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018

Received:2012-10-26 Revised:2013-02-23 Online:2013-10-25 Published:2013-11-05

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以石榴栽培品种‘泰山红’为试材,利用扫描电镜观察石榴的开花进程和花粉萌发进程,确定花粉萌发的最佳培养条件,研究不同植物生长调节物质对花粉萌发和花粉管伸长的影响。结果表明: 1)石榴花朵开放至花朵凋落或坐果经过3个形态变化。散粉一般在花瓣展开的第2天,集中在8: 00—17: 00(22~30 ℃,空气相对湿度25%~40%),花药散粉完毕一般需要1~2天。2)通过正交试验得出,最佳培养条件组合为: 10%蔗糖,0.005%硼酸,pH值7.0。 3)石榴花粉的萌发时间较短,仅3 h。4)低浓度的6-BA(1~10 mg·L^-1)、2,4-D(1~5 mg·L^-1)对花粉萌发和花粉管生长起促进作用,超过此浓度范围,对花粉萌发和花粉管生长起抑制作用,促进花粉萌发和花粉管生长的最佳浓度为10 mg·L^-1的6-BA和5 mg·L^-1的2,4-D; NAA(1~30 mg·L^-1)和多效唑(50~800 mg·L^-1)对花粉萌发和花粉管生长有抑制作用,抑制程度随浓度的增大而加强。

关键词: 石榴, 花粉萌发, 植物生长调节物质

Abstract:

The cultivar, ‘Taishanhong’, of pomegranate (Punica granatum) was used as experimental materials to investigate the course of flowering and pollen germination to find the optimal culture conditions of pollen germination and to study the effects of plant growth regulators on pollen germination and pollen tube growth. The results showed that there were three morphological phases during flowering periods. The anther released pollens the next day from 8:00 to 17:00 (22-30 ℃,relative humidity 25%-40%) when flowers were completely open. The pollen dispersion period usually took 1-2 days. The optimal culture conditions of pollen germination were with 10% sucrose,0.005% H₃BO₃ and pH 7.0. The time of pollen germination was 3 h. Low concentration 6-BA (1-10 mg·L^-1) and 2,4-D (1-5 mg·L^-1) promoted the pollen germination and tube growth. However, high concentrations of the hormones expressed inhibition effects on the pollen germination and tube growth. The optimal concentration for pollen germination pollen and tube growth was 10 mg·L^-1(6-BA) and 5 mg·L^-1(2,4-D). In the contrast, NAA (1-30 mg·L^-1) and PP₃₃₃(50-800 mg·L^-1) had some inhibitory effects on the pollen germination and tube growth of pomegranate. The inhibitory effects strengthened with concentration increasing.

Key words: Punica granatum, pollen germination, plant growth regulators

中图分类号:

S718.4

杨尚尚, 苑兆和, 李云, 李芹, 尹燕雷, 冯立娟, 招雪晴. 石榴‘泰山红’的花粉萌发生物学特性[J]. 林业科学, 2013, 49(10): 48-53.

Yang Shangshang, Yuan Zhaohe, Li Yun, Li Qin, Yin Yanlei, Feng Lijuan, Zhao Xueqing. Biological Characteristics of Pollen Germination of ‘Taishanhong’ Pomegranate[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2013, 49(10): 48-53.

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石榴‘泰山红’的花粉萌发生物学特性

Biological Characteristics of Pollen Germination of ‘Taishanhong’ Pomegranate

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