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林业科学 ›› 2013, Vol. 49 ›› Issue (4): 39-45.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20130406

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

机械处理对房山栎和夏栎种子萌发和生长的影响

刘艳1,2, 李庆梅2, 刘勇1, 侯龙鱼3, 刘广全3,4,5, 白世红6   

  1. 1. 北京林业大学 森林培育与保护教育部重点试验室 北京 100083;2. 林木遗传育种国家重点实验室 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 北京 100091;3. 国际泥沙研究培训中心 北京 100048;4. 中国水利水电科学研究院 北京 100048;5. 西北农林科技大学 杨凌 712100;6. 山东农业大学林学院 泰安 271018
  • 收稿日期:2012-08-16 修回日期:2012-10-31 出版日期:2013-04-25 发布日期:2013-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 李庆梅

Effects of Mechanical Treatments on Germination and Growth of Quercus×fangshanensis and Q. robur Seeds

Liu Yan1,2, Li Qingmei2, Liu Yong1, Hou Longyu3, Liu Guangquan3,4,5, Bai Shihong6   

  1. 1. Key Laboratory for Silviculture and Conservation of Ministry of Education Beijing Forestry University Beijing 100083;2. State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry Beijing 100091;3. International Research and Training Center on Erosion and Sedimentation Beijing 100048;4. China Institute of Water Resources and Hydropower Research Beijing 100048;5. Northwest A & F University Yangling 712100;6. College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University Tai'an 271018
  • Received:2012-08-16 Revised:2012-10-31 Online:2013-04-25 Published:2013-04-25

摘要: 以房山栎和夏栎种子为材料, 研究去碗疤、去皮、去除1/2子叶、去除2/3子叶对种子萌发和生长的影响。结果表明: 1)房山栎和夏栎存在延迟萌发、出苗不整齐和只出根不萌芽现象。2)与对照相比, 去皮(全子叶)、切除1/2子叶和2/3子叶均显著降低房山栎和夏栎种子根和芽的平均萌发时间, 提高根和芽的萌发整齐性指数, 增加根和芽的活力指数; 去皮和1/2子叶处理显著增加种子出根率、萌芽率、根长和苗高, 而切除2/3子叶处理种子的出根率和萌芽率有显著提高, 但根长和苗高与对照没有显著差异。3)与全子叶比, 去除子叶过多(2/3)显著降低种子的出根率和萌芽率。4)去碗疤显著降低房山栎和夏栎种子的平均发芽时间, 但萌发整齐性指数、出根率、萌芽率、活力指数、根长和苗高没有显著增加。因此, 去皮(全子叶)和去除1/2子叶处理效果较好, 能有效促进房山栎和夏栎种子萌发和整齐性出苗。

关键词: 机械处理, 出根率, 萌芽率, 种子, 房山栎, 夏栎

Abstract: The germination delay and irregulation of Quercus seeds affect the seedling quality and growth. In this study we investigated effects of different mechanical treatments, including removing cup scar (RS), removing pericarp (sound cotyledon) (RP/SC), removing pericarp and cutting off 1/2 cotyledon (HC), removing pericarp and cutting off 2/3 cotyledon (TC), on seed germination and seedling growth of Q. ×fangshanensis and Q. robur. The results showed that 1) both species had characteristics of delayed and irregular germination and emerged roots without shoots; 2) compared with untreated control(CK), RP, HC and TC significantly shortened the root and shoot mean germination time of Q. ×fangshanensis and Q. robur seeds, and increased root and shoot synchronization index and vigor index; RP and HC could significantly increase seed rooting and germination percentage, root length and shoot height, and TC significantly promoted the seed rooting and shooting germination percentage compared with CK, however, the root length and shoot height with TC treatment had no significant difference from CK; 3) compared with sound cotyledon, cutting off too much cotyledon (2/3) remarkably decreased seed rooting and germinating percentage; 4) removing cup scar significantly decreased the root length and shoot height, mean germination time, however, no siginificant difference was detected on the root and shoot synchronization index, germination percentage and vigor index between RS and CK. Thus, RP and HC can effectively accelerate germination and uniform seedlings, which has an important practical significance in Q. ×fangshanensis and Q. robur seedlings.

Key words: mechanical treatments, rooting percentage, germinating percentage, seeds, Quercus×fangshanensis, Quercus robur

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