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林业科学 ›› 2005, Vol. 41 ›› Issue (6): 16-22.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20050603

• 论文及研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

栓皮栎种群变异与适应对策研究

韩照祥1,2 山仑3   

  1. 1.西北农林科技大学生命科学院,杨凌712100,2.淮海工学院化学工程系连云港222005;3.中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所,杨凌712100
  • 收稿日期:2003-09-01 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2005-11-25 发布日期:2005-11-25

Variation and Adaptive Countermeasures of Quercus variabilis Population in Shaanxi Province

Han Zhaoxiang1,2,Shan Lun3   

  1. 1.College of Life Science, Northwest Sci-Tech University of Agriculture and Forestry Yangling 712100; 2.College of Engineering of Huai Hai Lianyungang 222005; 3.Institute of Soil and Water Conservation, Chinese Academy of Sciences and Ministry of Water Resource Yangling 712100
  • Received:2003-09-01 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2005-11-25 Published:2005-11-25

摘要:

从栓皮栎萌生苗的径级大小、数量、种群性状分化和内部基因层次上阐明其变异和适应对策,从机理上探讨栓皮栎对不同生境的适应对策。从萌生苗分布情况看,每个地区萌生苗的径级大小和数量均不同:在秦岭分布中心,萌生苗的数量相对较少,而在巴山北坡和黄龙山区,几乎每个径级中都有一定数量的萌生苗;萌生幼苗的数量弥补了实生苗数量的不足,帮助栓皮栎种群度过幼苗匮乏期,使种群能够自我更新。在不同生境中栓皮栎种群的枝长、分枝角度、分枝率、等位基因频率和分化系数等性状参数也发生了变异,从分布中心到分布边缘,当年生枝条的长度逐渐减小,而分枝角度和叶倾角呈现出增大趋势,逐步分枝率R1∶2R2∶3和总体分枝率Rb也存在明显的差异。EST、SOD2种酶的基因变异频率呈现出逐渐减小的趋势,而EST、SOD、PGI、ACP和ADH的分化系数则呈现出增大趋势。这些变化是栓皮栎种群应对外界环境的一种适应性反应。

关键词: 栓皮栎, 种群, 变异, 适应对策

Abstract:

The research demonstrates variation and adaptive countermeasures of Quercus variabilis population through a discussion of its size, number of seedlings, characters differentiation and interior gene arrangement and offers the ecological strategies of Quercus variabilis population answering different habitats from mechanism. Both size and number of stump-sprouting vary from place to place seen from its distribution and the number of stump-sprouting is relatively less in Qinling distribution center, whereas almost every size class has a good few number of stump-sprouting on north slope of Bashan Mountain and Huanglong Mountain. These stump-sprouting offsets the shortage of seedlings, and help Q. variabilis population get through the pinch period thus regenerate themselves. At the same time, the branch length, ramification angle, ramification ratio, allele frequencies and differentiation coefficients of Q. variabilis population give birth to variance. From distribution center to margin, the branch length that every year diminishes while ramification angle and leaf obliquity takes on increscent trend, gradual ramification ratio R1∶2, R2∶3 and total ramification ratio Rb are also distinctly different. Gene variance frequencies of EST and SOD gradually diminish with that of POD gradually diminish along with age class augment, whereas the differentiation coefficients of EST, SOD, PGI, ACP and ADH wear increscent trend. These changes are adaptive response that Q. variabilis population reply to environments, and thereby, open out the ecological strategies and evolutional mechanism of Q. variabilis population.

Key words: Quercus variabilis, population, variation, adaptive countermeasures