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林业科学 ›› 2000, Vol. 36 ›› Issue (6): 35-38.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20000612

• 论文及研究报告 • 上一篇    下一篇

中国东北样带(NECT)森林区域中主要树种空间分布特征

陈雄文 张新时 周广胜 陈锦正   

  1. 中国科学院植物研究所植被数量生态实验室,北京100093
  • 收稿日期:1999-05-13 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2000-11-25 发布日期:2000-11-25

SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION CHARACTERISTICS OF MAJOR TREE SPECIES AT NECT—GEOSTATISTICS AND FRACTAL METHODS

Chen Xiongwen,Zhang Xinshi,Zhou Guangsheng,Chen Jinzheng   

  1. LQVE Institute of Botany,Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing 100093
  • Received:1999-05-13 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2000-11-25 Published:2000-11-25

摘要: 本文用地统计学与分形方法对中国东北样带中16个主要树种(属)的空间分布特征进行分析得出:山杨、蒙古栎、色木槭和白桦的斑块大小在372km左右,红松、黄檗、枫桦、椴、胡桃楸、榆、水曲柳、花曲柳、黑桦、云杉、臭松和落叶松的斑块都在10km以下。通过克里格方法得到各树种在样带中的分布区域,黑桦、山杨、椴、蒙古栎分布于整个研究区,大多数树种分布在120°E~131°E之间,根据分布位置得到树种的耐旱能力等级。耐旱能力中等的黄檗、胡桃楸、花曲柳、榆和水曲柳的分维数最高,它们的空间结构比不耐旱与耐旱的树种复杂。

关键词: 树种空间分布特征, 东北样带, 地统计学, 分形

Abstract: The spatial characteristics of distribution for 16 major tree species (genus) at NECT which is basically a gradient driven by moisture were studied by geostatistics and fractal methods.The patch size for Populus davidiana,Qucercus mongolica,Acer mono and Betula platyphylla were about 372 km,but the patch size for Pinus koraiensis,Phellodendron amurense,Betula costata,Tilia spp.,Juglans mandshurica,Ulmus spp.,Fraxinus mandshurica,Fraxinus rhynchophylla,Betula dahurica,Picea spp., Abies nephrolepis,Larix spp. were less than 10 km.The distribution of tree species(genus)were figured out by kriging.Betula dahurica,Populus davidiana,Tilia spp and Qucercus mongolica were distributed in the whole study area from 130°E~131°E so that they had strong drought tolerance,however,Larix spp.,Abies nephrolepis,Picea spp.,Betula platyphylla,Acer mono,Betula costata and Pinus Koraiensis were located in 126.6°E~131.3°E so that they had strong drought intolerance.Phellodendron amurense,Juglans mandshurica,Fraxinus mandshurica,Ulmus spp. and Fraxinus rhynchophy which located in 125.9°E~129.1°E had middle class of drought tolerance,so that they had the highest average fractal dimension and the most complex spatial distribution than the species of drought tolerance and drought intolerance.

Key words: Spatial distribution characteristics for tree species, Northeast China Transect, Geostatistics, Fractal