不同增脂剂对广东湿加松人工林产脂量的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20210965

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This paper aims to investigate the relationship of the oleoresin yield and monoterpenoid composition of Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea between different locations and different stimulating pastes, and explores a mild, effective and cost-efficient stimulating pastes suitable for the hybrid pine in Guangdong. Method: Experiments with different types of stimulating pastes, such as potassium sulfate(K₂SO₄), benzoic acid mixture(BA) and ethylene glycol(CEPA), were carried out in hybrid pine plantations suitable for oleoresin tapping at three sites in Guangdong, Haifeng, Shixing and Yangjiang, respectively. The tree diameter at 1.7 m height and oleoresin yield by hybrid pine was measured per individual at three sites and four treatments, and the rate of increase of oleoresin was estimated by each stimulating paste. The samples of oleoresin were collected for monoterpene composition identification and their relative contents were identified by the GC-MS. Result: 1) Compared with the control group, K₂SO₄, benzoic acid mixture and CEPA stimulating pastes had significantly increased oleoresin yield, with CEPA having the most stable yield increase, K₂SO₄ the second and benzoic acid mixture the worst. In inter-site comparisons, Haifeng had the best yield increase with stimulate paste, Yangjiang the second and Shixing the worst. 2) The oleoresin yield of hybrid pine was positively correlated with the tree diameter at 1.7 m. When compared to the control groups, the correlation coefficient between the oleoresin yield and the tree diameter at 1.7 m was increased in the treated groups regardless of the type of stimulating pastes used at Haifeng and Yangjiang sites, while decreased at Shixing. 3) Composed with control group, the use of stimulate paste did not change the main pine oleoresin monoterpene composition and their relative content of hybrid pine, though all of the three treatment groups could generate α-Terpineol. Likewise, there were significant differences in the relative content of individual pine oleoresin monoterpene components, namely α-pinene, β-pinene, α-phellandrene, β-phellandrene and β-myrcene, in hybrid pine from different sites, and there is no detection of 3-carene. Conclusion: In Guangdong, CEPA, K₂SO₄ or benzoic acid mixture can be used to increase yield with the premise of quality unaffected. Although CEPA has the best effect on yield, the cost of raw materials is higher than K₂SO₄ and the effect is only slightly higher than K₂SO₄ at the plantations in Shixing and Yangjiang, while K₂SO₄ is the best in Haifeng. Therefore, K₂SO₄ is the most suitable stimulating paste for the hybrid pine in Guangdong Province. The proper use of stimulate paste can stimulate the oleoresin production potential of hybrid pine without affecting the monoterpene composition and content ratio of hybrid pine oleoresin.

Key words: Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea, oleoresin yield, oleoresin monoterpene components, stimulating pastes, GC-MS analysis

CLC Number:

S785

Xiaoliang Che,Tianyi Liu,Zhe Wang,Ming Zeng,Quannian Li,Fencheng Zhao,Huishan Wu,Wenbing Guo. Effect of Different Stimulating Pastes on Oleoresin Yield of the Hybrid Pine (Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea) Plantation in Guangdong Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(8): 123-132.

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时间 Time	自由度 Degress of freedom	海丰 Haifeng		始兴 Shixing		阳江 Yangjiang
时间 Time	自由度 Degress of freedom	F	Pr>F	F	Pr>F	F	Pr>F
10月上旬Early Oct.	3	10.88	<0.000 1	10.16	<0.000 1	7.86	<0.000 1
10月中旬Middle Oct.	3	18.12	<0.000 1	8.16	<0.000 1	11.25	<0.000 1
10月下旬Late Oct.	3	27.35	<0.000 1	12.33	<0.000 1	6.26	0.000 4
11月上旬Early Nov.	3	26.26	<0.000 1	7.06	0.000 1	4.16	0.006 8
11月中旬Middle Nov.	3	36.71	<0.000 1	4.59	0.003 8	11.45	<0.000 1
11月下旬Late Nov.	3	27.46	<0.000 1	12.99	<0.000 1	6.57	0.000 3

变异来源 Source	自由度 Degress of freedom	10月上旬 Early Oct.		10月中旬 Middle Oct.		10月下旬 Late Oct.
变异来源 Source	自由度 Degress of freedom	F	Pr>F	F	Pr>F	F	Pr>F
地点Sites	2	11.87	<0.000 1	29.91	<0.000 1	5.21	0.005 7
处理Treatment	3	29.52	<0.000 1	32.77	<0.000 1	41.27	<0.000 1
地点×处理Sites×treatment	6	2.49	0.021 8	7.66	<0.000 1	2.73	0.012 5

变异来源 Source	自由度 Degress of freedom	11月上旬 Early Nov.		11月中旬 Middle Nov.		11月下旬 Late Nov.
变异来源 Source	自由度 Degress of freedom	F	Pr>F	F	Pr>F	F	Pr>F
地点Sites	2	11.33	<0.000 1	36.75	<0.000 1	28.53	<0.000 1
处理Treatment	3	47.65	<0.000 1	44.62	<0.000 1	40.73	<0.000 1
地点×处理Sites×treatment	6	2.01	0.061 9	6.34	<0.000 1	2.12	0.048 7

地点 Sites	处理 Treatment	10月上旬 Early Oct.	10月中旬 Middle Oct.	10月下旬 Late Oct.	11月上旬 Early Nov.	11月中旬 Middle Nov.	11月下旬 Late Nov.	总量 Total yield
海丰 Haifeng	硫酸钾K₂SO₄	73.00	129.22	160.00	175.45	212.04	170.58	147.63
	苯甲酸BA	63.52	106.49	64.98	127.74	135.85	81.14	94.41
	乙烯利CEPA	76.58	104.41	113.83	173.25	232.46	131.21	134.05
始兴 Shixing	硫酸钾K₂SO₄	8.03	11.85	63.62	70.53	55.74	121.25	52.02
	苯甲酸BA	56.03	?4.28	6.34	57.79	38.67	93.20	41.85
	乙烯利CEPA	52.72	50.67	63.47	56.61	37.60	109.23	61.48
阳江 Yangjiang	硫酸钾K₂SO₄	66.21	24.03	62.52	98.48	64.92	58.96	60.58
	苯甲酸BA	92.73	?1.30	52.82	111.15	78.41	54.16	62.06
	乙烯利CEPA	95.24	77.70	86.50	127.98	82.29	67.82	89.07

地点 Site	组别 Group	10月上旬 Early Oct.	10月中旬 Middle Oct.	10月下旬 Late Oct.	11月上旬 Early Nov.	11月中旬 Middle Nov.	11月下旬 Late Nov.
海丰 Haifeng	硫酸钾K₂SO₄	0.72***	0.82***	0.76***	0.75***	0.73***	0.76***
	苯甲酸BA	0.57***	0.59***	0.58***	0.61***	0.58***	0.51***
	乙烯利CEPA	0.61***	0.74***	0.77***	0.72***	0.69***	0.69***
	对照组CK	0.46**	0.61***	0.44***	0.55***	0.45**	0.54***
始兴 Shixing	硫酸钾K₂SO₄	0.68***	0.69***	0.76***	0.75***	0.76***	0.78***
	苯甲酸BA	0.65***	0.58***	0.52***	0.56***	0.52***	0.60***
	乙烯利CEPA	0.67***	0.84***	0.80***	0.77***	0.72***	0.73***
	对照组CK	0.88***	0.85***	0.84***	0.80***	0.78***	0.78***
阳江 Yangjiang	硫酸钾K₂SO₄	0.78***	0.71***	0.74***	0.73***	0.58***	0.65***
	苯甲酸BA	0.80***	0.68***	0.79***	0.83***	0.77***	0.75***
	乙烯利CEPA	0.72***	0.75***	0.64***	0.68***	0.71***	0.63***
	对照组CK	0.72***	0.66***	0.70***	0.69***	0.67***	0.70***

Effect of Different Stimulating Pastes on Oleoresin Yield of the Hybrid Pine (Pinus elliottii × P. caribaea) Plantation in Guangdong Province

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单萜成分 Monoterpenes	变异来源 Source	自由度 Degress of freedom	F	Pr>F
蒈烯 3-Carene	地点间 Between sites	1	3.12	0.091 6
蒈烯 3-Carene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	0.85	0.494 2
α-蒎烯 α-Pinene	地点间 Between sites	2	6.80	0.002 8
α-蒎烯 α-Pinene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	1.17	0.333 2
莰烯 Camphene	地点间 Between sites	2	2.94	0.064 3
莰烯 Camphene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	0.62	0.604 3
β-蒎烯 β-Pinene	地点间 Between sites	2	8.16	0.001
β-蒎烯 β-Pinene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	1.91	0.143 8
桧烯 Sabinene	地点间 Between sites	2	0.23	0.801 9
桧烯 Sabinene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	0.64	0.626 0
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	地点间 Between sites	2	49.71	<0.000 1
β-月桂烯 β-Myrcene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	0.34	0.798 6
α-水芹烯 α-Phellandrene	地点间 Between sites	2	21.38	<0.000 1
α-水芹烯 α-Phellandrene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	0.62	0.605 3
β-水芹烯 β-Phellandrene	地点间 Between sites	2	12.54	<0.000 1
β-水芹烯 β-Phellandrene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	0.45	0.715 3
萜品油烯 Terpinolene	地点间 Between sites	2	3.80	0.038 3
萜品油烯 Terpinolene	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	1.06	0.386 0
芳樟醇 Linalool	地点间 Between sites	2	1.37	0.274 9
芳樟醇 Linalool	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	1.40	0.269 5
α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	地点间 Between sites	2	1.32	0.292 3
α-松油醇 α-Terpineol	处理组间 Between treatment group	2	1.21	0.322 6
茴香脑 Estragole	地点间 Between sites	2	2.88	0.078 6
茴香脑 Estragole	处理组间 Between treatment group	3	0.27	0.846 3

单萜成分Monoterpenes	海丰Haifeng	始兴Shixing	阳江Yangjiang
蒈烯3-Carene	na	0.035B	0.045A
α-蒎烯α-Pinene	7.37A	6.10B	7.48A
莰烯Camphene	0.19A	0.18A	0.21A
β-蒎烯β-Pinene	3.30B	5.10A	5.07A
桧烯Sabinene	0.05A	0.03A	1.10A
β-月桂烯β-Myrcene	0.18C	0.23B	0.36A
α-水芹烯α-Phellandrene	0.06B	0.05B	0.13A
β-水芹烯β-Phellandrene	1.79B	1.87B	3.68A
萜品油烯Terpinolene	0.09A	0.13A	0.07A
芳樟醇Linalool	0.12A	0.19A	0.13A
α-松油醇α-Terpineol	0.09A	0.13A	0.07A
茴香脑Estragole	0.15A	0.10A	0.09A

单萜成分Monoterpenes	对照组Control	硫酸钾K₂SO₄	苯甲酸BA	乙烯利CEPA
蒈烯3-carene	0.054	0.043	0.040	0.040
α-蒎烯α-Pinene	6.81	6.58	7.43	7.22
莰烯Camphene	0.19	0.2	0.21	0.2
β-蒎烯β-Pinene	4.22	4.61	5.23	3.91
桧烯Sabinene	0.01	0.008	2.16	1.98
β-月桂烯β-Myrcene	0.24	0.26	0.27	0.25
α-水芹烯α-Phellandrene	0.07	0.11	0.09	0.08
β-水芹烯β-Phellandrene	2.14	2.77	2.38	2.42
萜品油烯Terpinolene	0.033	0.041	0.043	0.038
芳樟醇Linalool	0.17	0.08	0.18	0.14
α-松油醇α-Terpineol	na	0.14	0.094	0.096
茴香脑Estragole	0.09	0.12	0.10	0.14

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