Abstract: [Objective] After using nailing method to induce the new variety Aquilaria sinensis ‘Reke 1’ and the common Aquilaria sinensis to produce agarwood for two years, we compared the differences of them.[Method] Wood anatomical method was used to observe the three sections of wood, wood tissue structure of the two kinds of agarwoods were observed by means of macroscopic and microscopic perspectives. The chemical compositions of two kinds of agarwoods were checked by GC-MS method and a comparative analysis was made.[Result] 1) The new variety agarwood color was yellowish brown, the volume of the former agarwood was bigger than common Aquilaria sinensis and also can produce agarwood easily. The Aquilaria sinensis ‘Reke 1’ has weak ability to repair trauma, its agarwood substance was mainly accumulated in vessel and axial parenchyma. But the common Aquilaria sinensis has strong ability to repair trauma, its agarwood substance was mainly accumulated in ray parenchyma cells and included phloem. 2) GC-MS result indicated that the total relative contents of chromones and sesquiterpenes for Aquilaria sinensis ‘Reke 1’ and common Aquilaria sinensis were 75.88% and 70.41% respectively, the primary constituents of the former agarwood were chromones, and the contents of chromone and sesquiterpene in the latter agarwood were about the same relevant amount. 3) The sum relative contents of compound 2- (2-phenylethyl)chromone and 2-[2-(4-Methoxy)phenylethyl] chromone, which was the ingredient of classy agarwood, were 25.19% and 5.97% respectively in Aquilaria sinensis ‘Reke 1’ and common Aquilaria sinensis. The former is about 4.22 times higher than the later.[Conclusion] By comprehensive analysis, it illustrate that the quality of agarwood from Aquilaria sinensis ‘Reke 1’ was better than the others, and Aquilaria sinensis ‘Reke 1’ was the superiorities of easier to produce agarwood, higher yield of agarwood, better quality of produced agarwood than the common Aquilaria sinensis. It was worthy of further cultivation and evaluation.

Key words: Aquilaria sinensis ‘Reke 1’, Aquilaria sinensis, the method of nailing, timber structure, GC-MS analysis