不同种源短枝木麻黄对青枯病的生理生化响应及早期选择

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20211113

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: Casuarina equisetifolia is an important shelter forest species in the coastal area of South China. It is necessary to select improved varieties resistant to bacterial wilt. This study aimed study the variation of disease resistance characteristics of different germplasm resources, so as to provide scientific basis for the selection of disease resistant materials. Method: In this study, eight physiological and biochemical traits of saplings from 20 provenances in the five-year-old provenance family experimental forest in Xuwen, Guangdong Province were detected and analyzed. Result: After Casuarina equisetifolia was inoculated with Ralstonia solanacearum, there were significant differences in disease index and relative disease intensity among provenances. The activities of SOD, CAT, POD and PAL, and the contents of soluble sugar, chlorophyll, total phenols and flavonoids showed significant or extremely significant differences among provenances. The variation coefficient of these traits was 17.75%, 27.72%, 64.31%, 38.65%, 25.31%, 16.63%, 44.00% and 29.50%, respectively. The traits means of the largest provenance were 1.61, 2.74, 13.75, 2.46, 2.43, 1.98, 2.93 and 2.59 times of those of the smallest provenance, respectively. The results indicated that the above traits of the tested provenances varied greatly and had strong selection potential. The results of correlation analysis showed that SOD and CAT were significantly positively correlated with total phenols and flavonoids, the correlation coefficients varied from 0.233 to 0.466, whereas they were significantly negatively correlated with POD and chlorophyll. The total phenols were found the highest significantly positively correlated with flavonoids, their correlation coefficient was 0.722. There was a significant or extremely significant positive or negative correlation between physiological and biochemical traits and disease characteristics, indicating that physiological and biochemical traits and disease characteristics might be controlled by the same or similar regulatory mechanisms. Through the comprehensive evaluation of 8 physiological and biochemical traits, six provenances of 18144, 18142, 18135, 18355, 18128 and 18122 were selected from 20 provenances. The average values of SOD, CAT, PAL, soluble sugar, total phenols and flavonoids were 1.35%, 25.32%, 13.19%, 19.69%, 32.52% and 32.24% higher than the overall average value, respectively. Conclusion: The six resistant provenances selected by physiological and biochemical traits can be used as materials for further genetic improvement.

Key words: Casuarina equisetifolia, bacterial wilt, provenance, physiological and biochemical traits, selection

CLC Number:

S718.4

Yongcheng Wei,Yong Zhang,Jingxiang Meng,Chonglu Zhong. Physiological and Biochemical Response of Casuarina equisetifolia from Different Provenances to Bacterial Wilt and Early Selection[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(11): 134-141.

Figures/Tables 6

Table 1

Fig.1

Table 2

Multiple comparative analysis of physiological and biochemical traits among provenances"

种源号 Provenance No.	SOD/ (U·g^-1)	CAT/ (U·g^-1)	POD/ (U·g^-1)	PAL/ (U·g^-1)	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar/ (mg·g^-1)	叶绿素 Chlorophyll/ (mg·g^-1)	总酚 Total phenols/ mg·(100 g^-1)	类黄酮 Flavonoid/ mg·(100 g^-1)
18013	355.84±60.38abc	13.01±2.63def	68.00±47.04b	137.02±30.04b	16.93±0.58bcde	1.45±0.03cde	951.20±313.78abc	97.06±20.34cdef
18040	337.71±9.93bc	10.62±5.05ef	58.00±2.00b	140.18±15.06b	12.08±1.54e	1.84±0.15abc	522.19±14.94c	81.30±0.95ef
18119	309.95±35.67bc	19.51±0.94abcd	43.83±18.98b	131.31±31.10b	17.13±1.30bcde	2.14±0.18a	748.47±156.72bc	84.24±7.49ef
18122	359.52±52.26abc	21.27±0.68abc	36.50±3.50b	181.13±4.10ab	17.71±1.58bcde	1.10±0.18e	977.51±140.21abc	113.91±21.62bcdef
18128	386.50±31.89ab	23.31±2.24ab	31.00±10.49b	232.93±41.42ab	23.76±3.80abcd	1.70±0.17abcd	1 258.41±292.52ab	123.25±13.99bcdef
18135	343.98±20.30bc	24.53±2.80a	31.50±8.34b	211.28±27.31ab	23.05±2.68abcd	1.32±0.20de	1 142.06±141.83abc	151.10±17.63abc
18142	439.52±34.05a	20.98±2.06abc	24.40±3.59b	209.29±35.05ab	26.21±1.88ab	1.53±0.06bcde	1 492.43±319.63a	149.83±16.70abcd
18144	319.89±39.14bc	20.93±2.45abc	19.50±3.43b	226.19±55.70ab	29.37±4.82a	1.26±0.10de	1 528.23±447.25a	180.54±31.22a
18267	337.31±15.46bc	14.45±1.41cdef	42.62±13.73b	169.11±25.64b	19.46±1.14bcde	1.84±0.09abc	830.85±110.43bc	96.36±7.92def
18268	309.97±12.18bc	19.21±1.14abcd	32.88±10.83b	121.97±9.48b	16.36±0.96cde	1.70±0.09abcd	729.47±81.49bc	82.18±3.19ef
18269	273.63±14.62c	13.18±1.02def	135.93±17.05a	155.18±11.37b	17.88±1.19bcde	1.85±0.07abc	688.77±107.80bc	69.65±4.79f
18297	350.89±20.98abc	14.47±0.87cdef	27.80±7.07b	224.52±48.79ab	18.75±2.37bcde	1.39±0.06cde	1 081.39±180.61abc	117.26±10.09bcdef
18298	302.65±44.15bc	16.67±1.39bcde	24.25±8.10b	174.62±32.03b	17.28±0.59bcde	1.94±0.17ab	875.51±188.27abc	93.58±12.73ef
18312	340.89±12.01bc	8.94±2.44f	189.00±8.00a	140.83±1.48b	14.51±1.12de	1.49±0.12bcde	667.14±386.46bc	80.88±18.80ef
18355	300.45±32.83bc	12.60±3.66def	25.00±2.00b	300.19±171.58a	25.19±8.47abc	1.71±0.22abcd	1 529.12±543.19a	158.44±65.24ab
18402	321.11±17.22bc	14.93±1.59cdef	26.45±4.52b	185.44±18.65ab	20.41±2.00bcde	1.67±0.11abcd	1 003.74±117.45abc	113.80±10.69bcdef
18403	304.91±18.04bc	19.66±2.03abcd	48.82±10.30b	221.90±40.72ab	23.55±2.82abcd	1.51±0.05bcde	769.30±104.55bc	128.79±17.59bcde
18565	362.40±13.13abc	20.93±1.13abc	13.75±0.56b	140.83±15.09b	17.59±1.60bcde	1.08±0.05e	770.88±60.88bc	123.27±12.91bcdef
18586	333.55±18.80bc	13.28±1.73def	71.00±34.52b	145.16±28.63b	18.66±2.62bcde	1.83±0.09abc	668.33±91.49bc	79.96±9.98ef
21199	313.21±13.59bc	14.30±0.80cdef	30.75±10.15b	149.43±16.08b	17.44±1.91bcde	1.61±0.08bcd	673.97±80.01bc	101.23±10.76cdef

Table 2

Table 3

Table 4

Table 5

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种源号 Provenance No.	地点 Location	纬度 Latitude	经度 Longitude	海拔 Altitude/m	降水量 Precipitation/mm
18013	印度奥里萨邦克塔克市库基Kujaug, Cuttack, Orissa, India	20°12′N	86°38′E	7	1 400
18040	汤加内塔卡Onetaka, Tonga	21°07′N	175°04′E	1	1 800
18119	印度泰米尔纳德邦拉姆斯瓦拉姆Rameswaram, Tamil Nadu, India	09°15′N	79°20′E	5	900
18122	埃及蒙塔扎Montazah, Egypt	31°16′N	30°05′E	13	200
18128	越南河南省海盛Hai Thinh, Ha Nam Tinh, Vietnam	20°22′N	106°21′E	2	2 000
18135	肯尼亚马林迪Malindi, Kenya	03°15′S	40°09′E	7	900
18142	肯尼亚基里菲Kilifi, Kenya	03°38′S	39°51′E	20	1 000
18144	肯尼亚贝尔班Baobab, Kenya	4°00′S	39°06′E	25	1 000
18267	中国广东晏镜Yanjing, Guangdong, China	23°00′N	113°03′E	4	1 500
18268	中国海南岛东Daodong, Hainan, China	19°58′N	110°59′E	10	1 700
18269	中国福建厦门Xiamen, Fujian, China	24°24′N	118°06′E	50	1 200
18297	泰国拉农市班坎普汉姆Ban Kamphuam, Ranong, Thailand	09°21′N	98°27′E	10	3 000
18298	泰国董里府朝迈Had Chaomai, Trang, Thailand	07°33′N	100°37′E	2	1 600
18312	瓦努阿图埃法特Efate, Vanuatu	17°45′S	168°18′E	30	2 400
18355	贝宁科托努Cotonou, Benin	06°24′N	02°13′E	8	1 300
18402	所罗门科隆班加拉Kolombangara, Solomon	08°07′S	157°08′E	2	3 500
18403	所罗门吉索Gizo, Solomon	08°08′S	156°54′E	2	3 500
18565	毛里求斯安布雷岛Isle D'Ambre, Mauritius	20°03′S	57°39′E	2	2 000
18586	中国广西北海Beihai, Guangxi, China	21°35′N	109°00′E	2	1 500
21199	泰国宋卡Changwat Songkhla, Thailand	7°33′N	100°37′E	2	2 200

性状 Trait	SOD	CAT	POD	PAL	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	叶绿素 Chlorophyll	总酚 Total phenols	类黄酮 Flavonoid
SOD	1
CAT	0.233^**	1
POD	-0.319^**	-0.327^**	1
PAL	0.112	0.354^**	0.007	1
可溶性糖Soluble sugar	0.062	0.328^**	-0.054	0.771^**	1
叶绿素Chlorophyll	-0.255^**	-0.282^**	0.253^**	-0.080	-0.063	1
总酚Total phenols	0.330^**	0.319^**	-0.094	0.673^**	0.604^**	-0.164	1
类黄酮Flavonoid	0.280^**	0.466^**	-0.315^**	0.765^**	0.766^**	-0.352^**	0.722^**	1

性状Traits	SOD	CAT	POD	PAL	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	叶绿素 Chlorophyll	总酚 Total phenols	类黄酮 Flavonoid
相对病害强度RDI	-0.418^*	-0.551^**	0.711^**	-0.679^**	-0.699^**	0.525^*	-0.736^**	-0.823^**
相对病害强度RDI	(0.038)	(0.007)	(0.000)	(0.001)	(0.000)	(0.010)	(0.000)	(0.000)
病情指数Disease index	-0.418^*	-0.537^**	0.736^*	-0.655^**	-0.662^**	0.506^*	-0.703^**	-0.793^**
病情指数Disease index	(0.038)	(0.009)	(0.000)	(0.001)	(0.001)	(0.013)	(0.000)	(0.000)

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Physiological and Biochemical Response of Casuarina equisetifolia from Different Provenances to Bacterial Wilt and Early Selection

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种源号 Provenance No.	I	SOD	CAT	POD	PAL	可溶性糖 Soluble sugar	叶绿素 Chlorophyll	总酚 Total phenols	类黄酮 Flavonoid
18144	0.599 7	319.89	20.93	19.50	226.19	29.37	1.26	1 528.23	180.54
18142	0.569 2	439.52	20.98	24.40	209.29	26.21	1.53	1 492.43	149.83
18135	0.537 6	343.98	24.53	31.50	211.28	23.05	1.32	1 142.06	151.10
18355	0.521 4	300.45	12.60	25.00	300.19	25.19	1.71	1 529.12	158.44
18128	0.518 7	386.50	23.31	31.00	232.93	23.76	1.70	1 258.41	123.25
18122	0.465 1	359.52	21.27	36.50	181.13	17.71	1.10	977.51	113.91
入选均值Mean		339.70	21.10	28.00	203.66	23.54	1.18	1 252.87	147.23