光周期和温度诱导美国白蛾滞育

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200413

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This paper aims to investigate effects of photoperiod and temperature on the diapause of Hyphantria cunea, to clarify main factors of inducing the diapause, and to unveil the sensitive larval instars to photoperiod inducing the diapause. Method: In this experiment, four temperatures (21, 23, 25 and 27℃) and 7 photoperiods (L8:D16, L10:D14, L12:D12, L13:D11, L14:D10, L15:D9 and L16:D8) were set. The diapause incidence of these 28 treatments were analyzed and compared to show the effects of photoperiod and temperature and critical photoperiod on diapause of H. cunea. Under the condition of 23℃, the larvae were alternately treated with long photoperiod (L16:D8) and/or short photoperiod (L10:D14) at different developmental stages. The diapause incidence under 32 different treatments were statistically analyzed and compared to determine the sensitive period of larval instars for diapause induced by the photoperiod. Result: At four different temperatures (21, 23, 25 and 27℃), the day time less than 13 h caused the diapause of H. cunea, while when the day time reached 16 h tended the individual continued to develop without diapause. The diapause is controlled by photoperiod and temperature at the same time when the day length was in the range of 13 to 16 h, and the diapause incidence decreased with the increase of temperature or photoperiod. The critical photoperiod was 14 h 58 min:9 h 02 min (L:D), 14 h 45 min:9 h 15 min (L:D), 14 h 35 min:9 h 25 min (L:D) and 14 h 24 min:9 h 36 min (L:D) at 21, 23, 25 and 27℃, respectively. Also, the response of the larvae to short photoperiod inducing diapause is cumulated, and the 3rd, 4th and 5th instar were the most sensitive instars to short photoperiod inducing diapause of H. cunea. Conclusion: The results indicate that the H. cunea is a typical short-photoperiod diapause (long photoperiod development) insect. The photoperiod plays a crucial role in the process of diapause induction, and temperature is the cofactor of diapause induction. Low temperature and short photoperiod are favorable for the diapause, and the critical photoperiod shortens with the increase of temperature. It is found that 3-5 instar of H. cunea larvae are the most sensitive developmental stage to diapause induction by short photoperiod.

Key words: Hyphantria cunea, diapause, photoperiod, temperature, sensitive instars

CLC Number:

S718.7

Shaobo Wang,Zhou Zhou,Yimeng Chen,Yuzhu Wang,Yong Zhang,Liangjian Qu. Diapause of Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Induced by Photoperiod and Temperature[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(4): 121-127.

Figures/Tables 5

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References 0

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光周期 Photoperiod(L:D)	21 ℃	23 ℃	25 ℃	27 ℃
8:16	100.00±0.00 aA	100.00±0.00 aA	95.00±0.58 bB	92.00±1.15 bC
10:14	100.00±0.00 a	100.00±0.00 a	100.00±0.00 a	100.00±0.00 a
12:12	100.00±0.00 a	100.00±0.00 a	100.00±0.00 a	100.00±0.00 a
13:11	100.00±0.00 aA	100.00±0.00 aA	100.00±0.00 aA	95.33±0.33 abB
14:10	100.00±0.00 aA	90.00±4.04 bB	85.33±2.03 cB	72.00±4.04 cC
15:9	46.00±3.46 bA	23.00±2.89 cB	7.67±1.76 dC	0.00±0.00 dC
16:8	0.00±0.00 c	0.00±0.00 d	0.00±0.00 e	0.00±0.00 d

温度 Temperature/℃	拟合方程 Fitted equation	判定系数 Coefficient of determination(R²)	临界光周期 Critical photoperiod(L:D)
21	Y=-5.952X²+139.476X-704	0.940	14 h 58 min: 9 h 02 min
23	Y=-5.595X²+128.262X-624.857	0.936	14 h 45 min: 9 h 15 min
25	Y=-5.417X²+122.333X-581.75	0.896	14 h 35 min: 9 h 25 min
27	Y=-4.714X²+103.271X-459.357	0.898	14 h 24 min: 9 h 36 min

处理 Treatment	龄期 Larval instars						试虫数 Number of individuals/head	滞育率 Diapause rate (mean±SE)(%)
处理 Treatment	1龄 1^st instar	2龄 2^nd instar	3龄 3^rd instar	4龄 4^th instar	5龄 5^th instar	6龄 6^th instar	试虫数 Number of individuals/head	滞育率 Diapause rate (mean±SE)(%)
1	S	L	L	L	L	L	300	0.00±0.00 d
2	S	S	L	L	L	L	305	5.70±0.77 d
3	S	S	S	L	L	L	356	28.50±2.02 c
4	S	S	S	S	L	L	453	63.40±2.09 b
5	S	S	S	S	S	L	270	100.00±0.00 a
6	S	S	S	S	S	S	300	100.00±0.00 a
7	L	S	S	S	S	S	336	100.00±0.00 a
8	L	L	S	S	S	S	264	91.42±1.44 b
9	L	L	L	S	S	S	363	63.21±4.13 b
10	L	L	L	L	S	S	231	5.36±1.11 d
11	L	L	L	L	L	S	283	0.00±0.00 d
12	L	L	L	L	L	L	300	0.00±0.00 d

处理 Treatment	龄期 Larval instars						试虫数 Number of individuals/head	滞育率 Diapause rate (mean±SE)(%)
处理 Treatment	1龄 1^st instar	2龄 2^nd instar	3龄 3^rd instar	4龄 4^th instar	5龄 5^th instar	6龄 6^th instar	试虫数 Number of individuals/head	滞育率 Diapause rate (mean±SE)(%)
1	S	L	L	L	L	L	300	0.00±0.00 g
2	L	S	L	L	L	L	300	0.00±0.00 g
3	L	L	S	L	L	L	306	0.00±0.00 g
4	L	L	L	S	L	L	268	0.00±0.00 g
5	L	L	L	L	S	L	277	0.00±0.00 g
6	L	L	L	L	L	S	283	0.00±0.00 g
7	S	S	L	L	L	L	305	5.70±0.77 g
8	L	S	S	L	L	L	275	18.00±2.32 f
9	L	L	S	S	L	L	256	43.11±2.09 d
10	L	L	L	S	S	L	289	19.70±3.61 f
11	L	L	L	L	S	S	231	5.36±1.11 g
12	S	S	S	L	L	L	356	28.50±2.02 e
13	L	S	S	S	L	L	403	46.02±1.44 d
14	L	L	S	S	S	L	318	89.67±0.77 b
15	L	L	L	S	S	S	363	63.21±4.13 c
16	S	S	S	S	L	L	453	63.40±2.09 c
17	L	S	S	S	S	L	267	100.0±0.00 a
18	L	L	S	S	S	S	264	91.42±1.44 b
19	S	S	S	S	S	L	270	100.00±0.00 a
20	L	S	S	S	S	S	336	100.00±0.00 a

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Diapause of Hyphantria cunea (Lepidoptera: Arctiidae) Induced by Photoperiod and Temperature

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