区域景观格局对杨树锈病为害流行的影响——以北京延庆地区银白杨为例

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20200411

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to explore the relationship between the landscape pattern and the epidemiology of poplar rust disease, and explain the incidence of poplar rust disease in Yanqing district of Beijing in terms of the landscape, in order to provide essential information for the control of the disease. Method: A total of 78 sites were set in Yanqing, Beijing to investigate the disease. According to the disease classification standards, the incidence of poplar rust disease was recorded, and the disease index was calculated. Based on the remote sensing image classification map of the research area, the sample site is set as the center and a buffer zone with a radius of 250, 500, 750 and 1 000 m was set up. Fragstats software was used to calculate the landscape metrics of landscape level and class level in each scale buffer zone.R software was used to implement statistical analysis, correlation analysis of landscape metrics under different scales, and stepwise regression analysis of disease index and landscape metrics, and Canoco, the ecological statistical analysis of ware, was used for RDA analysis of class level. Result: The result showed that the disease occurred frequently in the study area, with the disease index between 5.6 and 94.1. The severity of the disease was significantly affected by the landscape pattern, habitat environment and management status. At the landscape level, the landscape pattern in different buffer zones had different responses to the severity of poplar rust disease, and the factors with significant influence on the disease were also different. At the class level, cropland patches and grassland patches had significant impacts on the occurrence of poplar rust disease, which was mainly reflected in the common metrics such as patch density(PD), and intersperse and juxtaposition index IJI. Conclusion: In the landscape structure, the corridor of road and the foundation of grassland and cultivated land provide convenient conditions for the spread of disease, which can promote the occurrence of poplar rust disease. In this study, the landscape pattern of 500 m buffer is the optimal scale of disease management. Under this scale, the landscape metrics establish the most significant correlation with the disease index. Combined with the pathological characteristics of poplar rust disease, this study considers that the occurrence of the disease can be explained by the area-shape, landscape aggregation and diversity. The complexity of the shape of the patches inside the landscape and the level of diversity of the landscape will affect the occurrence of disease, and it will greatly promote the prevalence of disease with dispersed patches in the landscape, refined landscape structure as well as the uniform distribution between patches.

Key words: landscape pattern, poplar rust disease, correlation analysis, stepwise regression analysis, RDA analysis

CLC Number:

S763.1

Jingwei He,Yiying Zhang,Chengming Tian,Dianguang Xiong,Yingmei Liang. Effects of Regional Landscape Pattern on the Epidemic of Poplar Rust Disease: A Case Study of Populus alba in Yanqing, Beijing[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(4): 99-108.

Figures/Tables 8

Fig.1

Table 1

Table 2

Selected landscape pattern metrics"

类型 Category	指数 Metric	景观水平 Landscape	类型水平 Class	选取指数 Selected metric
面积-形状 Area-shape	景观面积Total area	√	√	TA
	最大斑块指数Largest patch index	√	√	LPI
	斑块类型面积比Percentage of landscape		√	PLAND
	斑块面积Patch area	√	√	AREA_MN、AREA_SD
	回旋半径Radius of gyration	√	√	GYRATE_MN、GYRATE_SD
	周长面积分维度Perimeter-area fractal dimension	√	√	PAFRAC
	周长面积比率Perimeter-area ratio	√	√	PARA_MN、PARA_SD
	形状指标Shape index	√	√	SHAPE_MN、SHAPE_SD
	分维度指标Fractal dimension index	√	√	FRAC_MN、FRAC_SD
	相关外接圆Related circumscribing circle	√	√	CIRCLE_MN、CIRCLE_SD
	邻近指数Contiguity index	√	√	CONTIG_MN、CONTIG_SD
聚集度 Aggregation	斑块数量Number of patches	√	√	NP
	斑块密度Patch density	√	√	PD
	景观分离度Landscape division index	√	√	DIVISION
	分散指数Splitting index	√	√	SPLIT
	有效网格大小Effective mesh size	√	√	MESH
	蔓延度Contagion	√		CONTAG
	散布与并列指数Interspersion juxtaposition index	√	√	IJI
	相似邻接比例Proportion of like adjacencies	√	√	PLADJ
	聚合度Aggregation index	√	√	AI
	斑块内聚力指数Patch cohesion index	√	√	COHESION
	景观形状指数Landscape shape index(LSI)	√	√	LSI
	标准化景观形状指数Normalized LSI		√	NLSI
	丛聚指数Clumpiness		√	CLUMPY
	几何最近距离Euclidean nearest neighbor distance	√	√	ENN_MN、ENN_SD
多样性 Diversity	斑块丰富度Patch richness	√		PR
	斑块丰富度密度Patch richness density	√		PRD
	香侬多样性指数Shannon’s diversity index	√		SHDI
	辛普森多样性指数Simpson’s diversity index	√		SIDI
	修正辛普森多样性指数Modified simpson’s diversity index	√		MSIDI
总计Total		35	32

Table 2

Fig.2

Fig.3

Table 3

Table 4

Fig.4

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病级 Diseas grade	发病程度 Disease severity	代表值 Value
Ⅰ	叶部无症状No uredinia	0
Ⅱ	叶背部夏孢子堆很少，呈零星分布Very little urediniascattered	1
Ⅲ	夏孢子堆小而稀，少数连片，占叶面积1/4~1/2 A few uredinia, yellow, cover an area of 1/4 to 1/2	2
Ⅳ	夏孢子堆大，叶背多呈片状分布，占面积1/2~3/4 Some uredinia pieces, cover an area of 1/2 to 3/4	3
Ⅴ	夏孢子堆大，布满整个叶背，叶脉处常较密，可见黄色粉状物 Uredinia covers the entire back of the leaf, yellow powder can be seen	4

尺度 Scale	选取指数 Metrics selected
250 m	NP, AREA_SD, SHAPE_MN, SHAPE_SD, FRAC_MN, PARA_SD, CONTIG_MN, CONTIG_SD, ENN_MN, ENN_SD, COHESION, MESH, IJI, SHDI
500 m	LPI, AREA_MN, GYRATE_MN, FRAC_MN, FRAC_SD, PARA_MN, CIRCLE_SD, CONTIG_SD, PAFRAC, ENN_MN, ENN_SD, PLADJ, IJI, COHESION, DIVISION, PD, PRD, SHDI
750 m	LPI, AREA_MN, GYRATE_SD, SHAPE_MN, FRAC_MN, PARA_MN, CIRCLE_MN, CONTIG_MN, PAFRAC, PLADJ, IJI, COHESION, PRD, SHDI
1 000 m	NP, SHAPE_MN, PARA_MN, CONTIG_MN, PAFRAC, CONTAG, COHESION, SPLIT, SIDI

250 m		500 m		750 m		1 000 m
指数 Metrics	回归系数 Estimate	指数 Metrics	回归系数 Estimate	指数 Metrics	回归系数 Estimate	指数 Metrics	回归系数 Estimate
NP	5.71^*	LPI	1.86^*	AREA_MN	-3.09^**	PARA_MN	-25.67^**
SHAPE_MN	-26.21^**	PD	-3.66^**	SHAPE_MN	22.31^*	CONTIG_SD	156.31^**
SHAPE_SD	8.22^*	FRAC_SD	167.23^**	PARA_MN	-54.62^*	CONTAG	3.22^*
FRAC_MN	214.08^**	PARA_MN	-34.71^*	CONTIG_MN	-96.16^**	COHESION	82.59^**
CONTIG_MN	-64.87^**	PAFRAC	-40.85^**	PAFRAC	-84.33^**	SPLIT	12.73^**
ENN_MN	4.94^*	PLADJ	-6.28^*	COHESION	22.49^**	SIDI	-0.42^*
MESH	-8.64^**	IJI	7.34^**	SHDI	-0.75^*
		DIVISION	6.55^*
		SHDI	-0.17^**
R²=0.42 P=0.02		R²=0.60 P < 0.01		R²=0.45 P=0.03		R²=0.29 P=0.01

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Effects of Regional Landscape Pattern on the Epidemic of Poplar Rust Disease: A Case Study of Populus alba in Yanqing, Beijing

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