Table 1

PCR amplification system"

Table 2

PCR amplification procedure"

Fig.1

Comparative analysis of hairy root induction efficiency mediated by six Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains in 84K poplar Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05)."

Fig.2

Phenotypic variance of hairy roots induced by six Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains in 84K poplar A–F: Effect diagrams of 84K poplar infected by different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains for 14 days, corresponding to six strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes: C58C1, Ar A4, MSU440, K599, Ar 1193 and Ar Qual. G–L: Effect diagrams of 84K poplar infected by different Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains for 21 days, corresponding to six strains of Agrobacterium rhizogenes: C58C1, Ar A4, MSU440, K599, Ar 1193 and Ar Qual. Scale bar: 1 cm."

Fig.3

The transformation efficiency of four Agrobacterium rhizogenes strains"

Fig.4

Data statistics of the influence of explant types on the induction of hairy roots of 84K poplar Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05)."

Fig.5

Data statistics of the influence of explant types on the induction of hairy roots of 84K poplar A: Pre-culture of callus at seven days old; B: Pre-culture of stem segments; C: Pre-culture of leaves; D: All the seven-day-old callus died in 14 days after infection; E: A few stem segments rooted at the base in 14 days after infection; F: Most of the leaves rooted at the wound sites in 14 days after infection. Scale bar: 1 cm."

Fig.6

Statistical analysis of the effects of varying bacterial suspension concentrations （OD600） on hairy root induction in 84K poplar Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05)."

Fig.7

Effect diagrams of the hairy roots of 84K poplar induced by different bacterial liquid concentrations （OD600） A–C: Effect diagrams in 14 days after 84K poplar was infected by different bacterial liquid concentrations, corresponding to the three gradients of OD600 values at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0, respectively. D–F: Effect diagrams in 21 days after 84K poplar was infected by different bacterial liquid concentrations, corresponding to the three gradients of OD600 values at 0.6, 0.8 and 1.0, respectively. Scale bar: 1 cm."

Fig.8

Data statistics on the influence of different infection durations on the induction of hairy roots of 84K poplar Different lowercase letters indicate significant differences (P<0.05)."

Fig.9

Effect diagrams of the hairy roots of 84K poplar induced by different infection durations A–D: Effect diagrams in 14 days after 84K poplar was infected at different infection durations， corresponding to the four gradients of 10 minutes， 15 minutes， 20 minutes and 25 minutes respectively. E–H: Effect diagrams in 21 days after 84K poplar was infected at different infection durations， corresponding to the four gradients of 10 minutes， 15 minutes， 20 minutes and 25 minutes respectively. Scale bar: 1 cm."

Fig.10

Positive identification of transgenic hairy roots of LOC2 A: Morphological identification, corresponding to LOC2; B: GUS staining identification, corresponding to LOC2; C: PCR identification, corresponding to plasmid, WT, LOC2 (2-1, 2-2, 2-3, 2-4, 2-5), respectively. Scale bar: 1 cm."