北京城郊油松人工林的降温效应及其环境驱动规律

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240712

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: In the context of exacerbated urban heat island (UHI) effect, the evapotranspiration cooling effect of suburban forests plays a crucial role in alleviating UHI and regulating urban heat island circulation. However, the cooling regulation process remains poorly understood. This study aims to quantitatively analyze the transpiration cooling [ΔT(E_f)] and soil evaporation cooling [ΔT(E_s)] of Pinus tabuliformis plantation around Miyun Reservoir in Beijing, and determine the regulating factors of these two cooling processes at diurnal and seasonal scales, so as to provide scientific support for the formulation of strategies to mitigate the UHI effect in Beijing. Method: During the growing season from May to November 2021, thermal diffusion probes and eddy covariance methods were used to continuously monitor sap flow density (SFD) and evapotranspiration (ET) of the plantation. The forest evapotranspiration (E_f) and soil evaporation (E_s) were calculated, and the major meteorological factors and soil water content (SWC) were simultaneously monitored. Mantel-Test and random forest algorithms were used to analyze the temporal variation characteristics of E_f, E_s, ΔT(E_f), and ΔT(E_s) in P. tabuliformis plantation and their influencing factors. Result: 1) At diurnal scale, ΔT(E_f) and ΔT(E_s) dominated during the day and night, respectively. During the day, air temperature (T_a) had the most significant influence on ΔT(E_s), while soil water content (SWC) and shortwave radiation (RSD) significantly influenced ΔT(E_f) (Mantel’s P<0.01, 0.2≤r<0.4). 2) At seasonal scale, ΔT(E_f) contributed more than ΔT(E_s), and both ΔT(E_f) and ΔT(E_s) were higher in summer than in other seasons. From July to September, the daily averages of ΔT(E_f) and ΔT(E_s) were 3.49 and 1.66 ℃, respectively, while E_f and E_s had daily averages of 1.64 and 0.77 mm. T_a and SWC were the main environmental factors affecting the seasonal variations of ΔT(E_s) and ΔT(E_f), respectively. 3) After parameter optimization, the random forest model showed good simulation results for ΔT(E_s) and ΔT(E_f) (R²>0.93). Conclusion: The proportions of transpiration cooling and soil evaporation cooling differ significantly at diurnal and seasonal scales. Thermal conditions (soil temperature and air temperature) and soil water content are the most important factors influencing soil evaporation and transpiration cooling, respectively. Compared to soil evaporation cooling, plant stomatal regulation allows transpiration cooling to quickly respond to the vapor pressure deficit and air temperature.

Key words: evapotranspiration, evapotranspiration cooling, urban heat island effect, sap flow density, soil evaporation

CLC Number:

S718.43

Lili Sun,Yanli Sun,Jingli Wang,Zeyuan Zhou,Haiqun Yu,Wenjing Chen,Peng Liu,Yun Tian,Tianshan Zha. Cooling Effect of a Pinus tabuliformis Plantation in the Suburban Areas of Beijing and Its Environmental Driving Mechanisms[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2026, 62(3): 36-47.

Figures/Tables 9

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References 0

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机器学习算法 Machine learning algorithms	蒸散发降温 Evapotranspiration cooling	均方根误差 Root mean square error	R²	机器学习算法名称 Machine learning algorithms	蒸散发降温 Evapotranspiration cooling	均方根误差 Root mean square error	R²
决策树Classification and regression tree (CART)	ΔT(E_f)	0.11	0.90	支持向量回归 Support vector regression (SVR)	ΔT(E_f)	0.09	0.92
决策树Classification and regression tree (CART)	ΔT(E_s)	0.84	0.48	支持向量回归 Support vector regression (SVR)	ΔT(E_s)	0.17	0.68
随机森林 Random forest (RF)	ΔT(E_f)	0.07	0.93	多层感知机 Multilayer perceptron (MLP)	ΔT(E_f)	0.07	0.93
随机森林 Random forest (RF)	ΔT(E_s)	0.29	0.65	多层感知机 Multilayer perceptron (MLP)	ΔT(E_s)	0.18	0.67

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Cooling Effect of a Pinus tabuliformis Plantation in the Suburban Areas of Beijing and Its Environmental Driving Mechanisms

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