Abstract: Objective The objective of paper is to explore the influence of cooperatives’ embeddedness on farmers’“fertilizer and pesticide double reduction” behaviors, analyze the influence mechanism of different functions within cooperatives on farmers’ fertilizer and pesticide reduction and their differences, and give recommendation to reduce farmers’ fertilizer and pesticide application precisely, so as to promote green production behaviors of forestry, change the mode of forestry development, and guarantee the quality and safety of forest products.Method On the basis of existing research, based on the theory of industrial organization and the theory of farmers’ behavior, using the survey data of 688 household samples with non-timber forest product management in 7 case counties (districts) of Zhejiang Province in 2023, the Tobit model was used to analyze the impact of cooperative embedding on fertilizer and pesticide application during farmers’ non-timber forest product operations, to analyze the mechanisms of the three functions of technical support, organizational constraints and premium incentives of cooperatives on the fertilizer and pesticide reduction behaviors of farmer members for non-timber forest products, to reveal the differences of the three paths on the fertilizer and pesticide application of cooperative members, and give recommendations to promote the fertilizer and pesticide reduction of farmer members.Result 1) Participation in forestry cooperatives can significantly reduce the amount of fertilizers and pesticides applied by non-timber forest product farmers, and there are differences in the reduction effects on farmers with different forest land sizes, forestry income dependence and adoption of ecological management techniques. Especially for small-scale farmers and farmers with low dependence on forestry income, participation in cooperatives can effectively reduce the amount of fertilizer applied by these farmers. 2) Relying on the technical support, organizational constraints, and premium incentives provided by cooperatives can effectively promote“fertilizer and pesticide double reduction”. 3) Three different functions within the cooperative had more significant effects on the reduction of fertilizers and pesticides by the core members than by the non-core members, among which the two functions of the cooperative, organizational constraints and premium incentives, had better effect on the promotion of the“fertilizer and pesticide double reduction”behavior of the core members.Conclusion Firstly, we should rely on farmers’ professional cooperative organizations as a platform to promote green production behaviors. Secondly, we should continue to improve the multi-service functions within the cooperatives, so as to motivate farmers to carry out the“fertilizer and pesticide double reduction”behaviors; and lastly, we should give full play to the role of the demonstration of the core members, such as the large-scale households, in the promotion of the double reduction of fertilizer and medicine behaviors. Finally, in the promotion of the“fertilizer and pesticide double reduction”, the role of core members, such as large-scale households, should be given full play, and more farmers, especially small farmers, should be supported and guided to join cooperatives.

Key words: cooperatives, technical support, organizational constraints, premium incentives, fertilizer and pesticide double reduction, non-timber forest product