香榧藻斑病病原的分离鉴定及防治药剂筛选

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220537

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: The study aims to explore the pathogens of algal spots of Torreya grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ and their biological characteristics, as well as screen efficient algicides, so as to provide scientific basis for controlling the disease. Method: The diseased leaves of T. grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ were collected from the main planting areas in Zhejiang Province, and the algae were isolated from diseased leaves, and then identified by traditional morphological observation combined with molecular biological methods. The biological characteristics of the pathogenic algae were studied, and efficient algicides for controlling the disease were screened by laboratory virulence assay and the field control experiment. Result: 1) Three groups of synantectic pathogenic algae were isolated from algal spots, and they were identified as Desmodesmus armatus, Klebsormidium flaccidum and Tritostichococcus corticulus, respectively, based on the morphological characteristics and the SSU-ITS sequence analysis, all of which were newly reported pathogens of T. grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’. The culture conditions of the three alga species were similar, and they all grew well in BG-11 medium at 25 ℃ with an initial pH of 11 and a photoperiod of 12 h light/12 h dark. 2) With the mixed algae as the target, a laboratory toxicity assay showed that 12% copper rosinate suspension had the best algal killing effect, and the EC₅₀ was 8.33 mg·L^?1, which was significantly lower than other algicides （P<0.05）, followed by 33.5% copper quinoline suspension agent, 80% Bordeaux mixture, 20% thiophanate copper suspension agent and 45% lime sulfur mixture. The field control test showed that after 30 days of application, the control effects of 12% copper rosinate and 33.5% copper quinoline suspending agent were 78.11% and 71.62%, respectively. Conclusion: Three pathogenic green algae have newly been discovered from T. grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ in Zhejiang Province, and the biological characteristics of the three alga species are similar. Laboratory toxicity assay and field control test show that 12% copper rosinate and 33.5% copper quinoline suspending agent have good control effect on algal spot of T. grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’.

Key words: Torreya grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’, algal spot, identification, biological characteristics, toxicity test, field control

CLC Number:

Aitao Liu,Bihuan Ye,Youwu Chen,Qiyan Song,Haibo Li,Jianjun Shen,Xin Zhang. Isolation and Identification of Pathogens of Algal Spots of Torreya grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ and Screening of the Algicides[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2024, 60(1): 111-119.

Figures/Tables 10

Fig.1

Fig.2

Fig.3

Fig.4

Fig.5

Fig.6

Fig.7

Fig.8

Table 1

Table 2

References 0

	戴文圣, 黎章矩, 程晓建, 等. 杭州市香榧生产的发展前景与对策. 浙江林学院学报, 2006, (3): 334- 337.
	Dai W S, Li Z J, Cheng X J, et al. Development future and strategies of production of Torreya grandis‘Merrillii’ in Hangzhou. Journal of Zhejiang Forestry College, 2006, (3): 334- 337.
	何美仙, 黄飞来, 刘忠良. 山茶叶部主要病害的发生与防治. 现代农业科技, 2017, (14): 110- 111. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5739.2017.14.073
	He M X, Huang F L, Liu Z L. Occurrence and control of main diseases in Camellia japonica leaves. Modern Agricultural Science and Technology, 2017, (14): 110- 111. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1007-5739.2017.14.073
	吕军美, 郑文彪, 刘金龙, 等. 2015. 石硫合剂防治香榧绿藻的试验. 南方林业科学, 43(3): 30–32, 54.
	Lv J M, Zheng W B, Liu J L, et al. 2015. Test of LSSS control of Chlorella. South China Forestry Science, 43(3): 30–32 , 54. ［in Chinese］
	欧阳峥嵘, 温小斌, 耿亚红, 等. 光照强度、温度、pH、盐度对小球藻(Chlorella)光合作用的影响. 武汉植物学研究, 2010, 28 (1): 49- 55.
	Ouyang Z R, Wen X B, Geng Y H, et al. The effects of light intensities, temperatures, pH and salinities on photosynthesis of Chlorella. Journal of Wuhan Botanical Research, 2010, 28 (1): 49- 55.
	王大平, 李道高. 夏橙绿斑病的病原鉴定及其生长特性研究. 中国农学通报, 2005, 21 (6): 288- 291. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6850.2005.06.087
	Wang D P, Li D G. Studies on the identification and growth characteristics of the pathogen of Valencia orange green spot. Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin, 2005, 21 (6): 288- 291. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1000-6850.2005.06.087
	王　鸿, 郭　涛, 应国清. 榧属植物活性成分与药理作用研究进展. 中草药, 2007, 38 (11): 1747- 1750. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2670.2007.11.052
	Wang H, Guo T, Ying G Q. Advances in studies on active constituents and their pharmacological activities for plants of Torreya Arn. Chinese Traditional and Herbal Drugs, 2007, 38 (11): 1747- 1750. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:0253-2670.2007.11.052
	王　霞, 吕宪国, 张学林, 等. 松花湖铜绿微囊藻无菌株和单藻株生长因素的研究. 生态学杂志, 2005, 24 (5): 518- 522. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4890.2005.05.011
	Wang X, Lü X G, Zhang X L, et al. Growth factors of unialgal strain and axenic strain of Microcystis aeruginosa in Songhua Lake. Chinese Journal of Ecology, 2005, 24 (5): 518- 522. doi: 10.3321/j.issn:1000-4890.2005.05.011
	吴连海, 吴黎明, 倪荣新, 等. 香榧栽培经济效益分析. 浙江农林大学学报, 2013, 30 (2): 299- 303. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2013.02.023
	Wu L H, Wu L M, Ni R X, et al. Economic benefits of Torreya grandi‘Merrillii’ plantings. Journal of Zhejiang A & F University, 2013, 30 (2): 299- 303. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2013.02.023
	许　珍. 2017. 温度和光强对四种藻类生理生态学特性的影响研究. 武汉: 长江科学院.
	Xu Z. 2017. Effects of temperature and light intensity on physiological and ecological characteristics of four algae. Changjiang Academy of Sciences. ［in Chinese］
	徐志宏, 吾中良, 陈秀龙, 等. 浙江省香榧病虫害及害虫天敌种类调查. 中国森林病虫, 2005, 24 (1): 14- 19. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-0886.2005.01.006
	Xu Z H, Wu Z L, Chen X L, et al. Investigation on insect pests and diseases in Torreya grandis and their natural enemies in Zhejiang Province. Forest Pest and Disease, 2005, 24 (1): 14- 19. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-0886.2005.01.006
	叶晓明, 钱宇汀, 叶　雯, 等. 香榧绿藻的生物学特性及物种鉴定. 浙江农林大学学报, 2019, 36 (4): 629- 637. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2019.04.001
	Ye X M, Qian Y T, Ye W, et al. Biological characteristics and species identification of Chlorella sp. with Torreya grandis ‘Merrillii’. Journal of Zhejiang A & F University, 2019, 36 (4): 629- 637. doi: 10.11833/j.issn.2095-0756.2019.04.001
	郑宝荣, 叶建仁, 王记祥, 等. 肉桂藻斑病的初步研究. 中国森林病虫, 2004, 23 (2): 8- 10. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-0886.2004.02.003
	Zheng B R, Ye J R, Wang J X, et al. Algae-spot disease in Cinnamomum cassia. Forest Pest and Disease, 2004, 23 (2): 8- 10. doi: 10.3969/j.issn.1671-0886.2004.02.003
	Browne F B, Brannen P M, Scherm H, et al. 2019. Evaluation of disinfectants, algicides, and fungicides for control of orange cane blotch of blackberry in the field. Crop Protection, 112–117.
	Cai Z P, Duan S S, Zhu H H. Optical density method and cell count method for determining the growth of three energy microalgae and their correlation and verification. Journal of Southern Agriculture, 2012, 43 (10): 1480- 1484.
	Chandel N, Ahuja V, Gurav R, et al. Progress in microalgal mediated bioremediation systems for the removal of antibiotics and pharmaceuticals from wastewater. Science of the Total Environment, 2022, 825, 153895. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.153895
	Chanthapatchot W, Satjarak A. Distribution, diversity, and specificity of a parasitic algal genus Cephaleuros in Thailand. Sains Malaysiana, 2019, 48 (8): 1609- 1618. doi: 10.17576/jsm-2019-4808-06
	Glaser K, Donner A, Albrecht M, et al. Habitat-specific composition of morphotypes with low genetic diversity in the green algal genus Klebsormidium (Streptophyta) isolated from biological soil crusts in Central European grasslands and forests. European Journal of Phycology, 2017, 52 (2): 188- 199. doi: 10.1080/09670262.2016.1235730
	Han K S, Park M J, Park J H, et al. First report of algal leaf spot associated with Cephaleuros virescens on greenhouse-grown Ficus benghalensis in Korea. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 2011, 6 (1): 72- 73. doi: 10.1007/s13314-011-0024-8
	Karsten U, Herburger K, Holzinger A. Living in biological soil crust communities of African Deserts—physiological traits of green algal Klebsormidium species (Streptophyta) to cope with desiccation, light and temperature gradients. Journal of Plant Physiology, 2016, 194, 2- 12. doi: 10.1016/j.jplph.2015.09.002
	Li L, Cui J, Liu Q, et al. Screening and phylogenetic analysis of lipid-rich microalgae. Algal Research, 2015, 11, 381- 386. doi: 10.1016/j.algal.2015.02.028
	Lin C S, Lin Y H, Wu J T. Biodiversity of the epiphyllous algae in a Chamaecyparis forest of northern Taiwan. Botanical Studies, 2012, 53, 489- 499.
	Marin B, Palm A, Klingberg M, et al. Phylogeny and taxonomic revision of plastid-containing euglenophytes based on SSU rDNA sequence comparisons and synapomorphic signatures in the SSU rRNA secondary structure. Protist, 2003, 154 (1): 99- 145. doi: 10.1078/143446103764928521
	öztürk B Y. 2019. Intracellular and extracellular green synthesis of silver nanoparticles using Desmodesmus sp.: their Antibacterial and antifungal effects. Caryologia. International Journal of Cytology, Cytosystematics and Cytogenetics, 72(1): 29–43.
	Pitaloka M K, Petcharat V, Arikit S, et al. Cephaleuros virescens, the cause of an algal leaf spot on Para rubber in Thailand. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 2015, 10 (1): 1- 4. doi: 10.1007/s13314-014-0152-z
	Pröschold T, Darienko T. The green puzzle Stichococcus (Trebouxiophyceae, Chlorophyta): new generic and species concept among this widely distributed genus. Phytotaxa, 2020, 441 (2): 113- 142. doi: 10.11646/phytotaxa.441.2.2
	Ryšánek D, Holzinger A, Škaloud P. Influence of substrate and pH on the diversity of the aeroterrestrial alga Klebsormidium (Klebsormidiales, Streptophyta): a potentially important factor for sympatric speciation. Phycologia, 2016, 55 (4): 347- 358. doi: 10.2216/15-110.1
	Sunpapao A, Thithuan N, Bunjongsiri P, et al. Cephaleuros parasiticus, associated with algal spot disease on Psidium guajava in Thailand. Australasian Plant Disease Notes, 2016a, 11 (1): 1- 4. doi: 10.1007/s13314-015-0186-x
	Sunpapao A. , Thithuan N, Pitaloka M K , et al. 2016b. Algal leaf spot of Lansium parasiticum caused by Cephaleuros sp. in Thailand. Journal of Plant Pathology, 98(2): 369.
	Vasconcelos C V, Teodoro Pereira F, dos Santos Galvão C, et al. Occurrence of algal leaf spot (Cephaleuros virescens Kunze) on avocado in Goiás State, Brazil. Summa Phytopathologica, 2016, 42 (1): 108. doi: 10.1590/0100-5405/2109

药剂 Pesticide	毒力回归方程 Toxic regression equation	有效中浓度 EC₅₀/（mg·L^?1）	R²
12%松脂酸铜悬浮剂 12% copper rosinate suspension	Y = 1.722 x?1.585	8.33a	0.937
33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂 33.5% copper quinoline suspension	Y = 0.229 x?0.388	49.68b	0.999
80%波尔多液 80% Bordeaux mixture	Y = 5.592 x?11.207	100.96c	0.973
20%噻菌铜剂悬浮剂 20% Copper thiabendate suspension	y = 1.288 x?2.674	119.07c	0.976
45%石硫合剂 45% lime sulfur mixture	Y = 1.352 x?4.658	2778.18d	0.993

处理 Treatment	施药前的病情指数 Condition index before treatment	施药后的病情指数 Condition index after treatment	防治效果 Control efficiency （%）
12%松脂酸铜悬浮剂 12% copper rosinate suspension	64.44	15.00	78.11
33.5%喹啉铜悬浮剂 33.5% copper quinoline suspension	61.67	18.61	71.62
CK	63.33	67.20	—

[1]	Yujie Miao,Shiping Zhu,Jing Pu,Junxian Li,Lingkai Ma,Hua Huang. Recognition of Furniture Wood Image Species Based on Convolutional Neural Networks [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(8): 133-140.
[2]	Yuanchen Zhang,Mengnan Bao,Shuang Xue,Pu Wang,Xingyun Wang,Kunpeng Zhang,Jingshun Wang. Parasitoids of Cerroneuroterus yukawamasudai (Hymenoptera: Cynipidae) and Biology Characteristics of Torymus sp., a Predominent Parasitic Species on the Gall Wasp [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(6): 112-117.
[3]	Tongtong Li,Sujuan Guo,Yanhua Li. Identification of Chestnut Varieties Based on Digital Analysis of Leaf Morphology [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(3): 115-126.
[4]	Wei Yue,Shiming Li,Zengyuan Li,Qingwang Liu,Yong Pang,Lin Si. Identification of Dominant Tree Species Based on Multi-Temporal Sentinel-2 Images and SNIC Segmentation Algorithm [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(9): 60-69.
[5]	Junnan Li,Yuzhen Zhu,Runkai Chen,Yu Fu,Mengling Cai,Bingrong Huang,Yun Xu,Songqing Wu,Feiping Zhang. Research on Paracarophenax alternatus Ⅰ. Biological Characteristics [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(6): 79-87.
[6]	Nannan Yang,Yan Bai,Suyi Jiang,Chunmei Yang,Kaihong Xu. Recognition Method of Plate and Wood Based on ALexNet Optimaization [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2022, 58(3): 149-158.
[7]	Xin Peng,Hantang Wang,Chunhui Guo,Zhende Yang,Jing Zhou,Xue Wang,Zhirou Ding. EST-SSR Development and Cryptic Species Identification of the Invasive Gall-Causing Pest Leptocybe invasa (Hymenopetra: Eulophidae) [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(9): 140-151.
[8]	Tuo He,Shoujia Liu,Yang Lu,Yonggang Zhang,Lichao Jiao,Yafang Yin. iWood: An Automated Wood Identification System for Endangered and Precious Tree Species Using Convolutional Neural Networks [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(9): 152-159.
[9]	Yuequ Chen,Qingzhen Liu,Limei Li,Yang Zhang,Jiao Han,Yong'an Zhang. Screening and Identification of Antagonistic Streptomyces for Biocontrol of Poplar Canker [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(7): 92-100.
[10]	Ziyu Zhao,Xiaoxia Yang,Hui Guo,Zhedong Ge,Yucheng Zhou. Recognition Method of Wood Macro- and Micro-Structure Based on Convolution Neural Network [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(6): 134-143.
[11]	Lili Ren,Jing Tao,Haiwei Wu,Shixiang Zong,Chuanzhen Wang,De Hua,Juan Shi,Yizhou Liu,Youqing Luo. The First Discovery and Infective Characteristics of A Major Invasive Pest Hylurgus ligniperda (Coleoptera: Scolytidae) in China [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(5): 140-150.
[12]	Qionglian Wan,Lianchun Wang,Quan Wang,Xingping Xu,Fan Su,Jing Zhao,Hong Cai. Molecular Identification and Disease Investigation of Trema levigata Witches'-Broom Phytoplasma [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(5): 195-201.
[13]	Yutong Yang,Qingshuo Zhang,Yunlin Fu,Jing Sun. Components, Stability and Antioxidant Activity of Pigment from Dalbergia bariensis Heartwood [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(3): 126-134.
[14]	Bo Liu,Yuejin Fu,Xingxia Ma,Yun Lu,Lin Wang. Relationship between Wood Species Selection and Biological Diseases of Ancient Building Wooden Components in Severe Wood Biological Diseases Area [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(12): 108-121.
[15]	Xiao Yuan,Yongping Chen,Qiheng Tang,Wenjing Guo. Identification of Common Wood Species of Wooden Components in Ancient Buildings Based on Micro-Destructive Testing [J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(12): 122-131.

Isolation and Identification of Pathogens of Algal Spots of Torreya grandis cv. ‘Merrillii’ and Screening of the Algicides

RichHTML

PDF (PC)

Knowledge

Abstract

Cite this article

share this article

Figures/Tables 10

References 0

Related Articles 15

Recommended Articles

Metrics

Comments