Abstract:

In terms of the mechanisms for the formation and maintenance of biodiversity, different hypothesis had existed, but a general theory system was not available now. Based on their research objectives, different researchers have examined the complicated interaction relationships between the various ecological factors and biodiversity, and they have obtained numerous interesting conclusions; however, many controversies have been induced at the same time. In this paper, we mainly discussed the relationships between biotic factors (such as primary productivity, biomass, the relationship between species, soil microorganisms, and etc.), abiotic factors (such as disturbance and heterogeneity, climatic and soil factors, and etc.) and biodiversity, and the effects of human being actions on biodiversity. In the end, we simply introduced the applications of the information techniques (such as GIS, RS and GPS) and mathematical methods to biodiversity field. In a word, in order to obtain a perfect theory regarding the mechanisms of the formation and maintenance of biodiversity, we should insist on the integrative idea and deeply research the interaction between the biological and the abiotic factors and the biodiversity at the different time and space scales at different layers.

Key words: Biodiversity, The formation and maintenance mechanisms, 3S techniques, Mathematical methods