木质化期水分管理对毛白杨苗木形态、生理和造林效果的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20211117

Abstract

Abstract:

Objective: This research aimed to study the effect of late season irrigation on seedling's morphology, physiology and afforestation performance of Populus tomentosa, in order to provide a scientific basis for precision irrigation in hardening period of seedlings. Method: Tissue culture seedlings of P. tomentosa were transplanted in nursery field. Four different soil water potentials (-20 kPa, -40 kPa, -60 kPa, and -80 kPa) were set as the initial irrigation threshold, and the conventional irrigation(the initial irrigation threshold was at less than -80 kPa) served as the control. The seedlings were subjected to the different irrigation treatments at lignification stage to investigate the changes of seedling water consumption, morphology, physiology and afforestation performance. Result: 1) Late season irrigation had a significant effect on the growth of seedling height and root collar diameter(RCD) at hardening phase (p < 0.05). When the initial irrigation threshold were -20 or -40 kPa, the seedling growth was the largest at the lignification stage, and the seedling height increment, RCD increment and biomass were 15.51%, 6.41% and 57.5% higher than those of control, respectively, but the two treatments had no significant difference. 2) The differences in nutrient status had no obvious pattern among different treatments. However, The nutrient mass per plant with -20 and -40 kPa treatments was the largest, followed by that with -60 and -80 kPa treatments, which were significantly increased by 59.4%, 48.6%, 36.1% and 25.3% respectively compared with the control. 3) Treatments of -20 kPa could delay the defoliation time of seedlings for about 5-7 d and increase the accumulation of photosynthetic products by about 12.5% compared with the control. Although late season irrigation could cause partial dry shoots in winter, it had little effect on the overall overwintering of seedlings. 4)After outplanting, seedlings treated with the initial irrigation threshold of -40 kPa had the highest survival rate of 93%, two years later, its tree height and diameter at the breast height (DBH) were significantly higher than the control by 83.2% and 115.1%, respectively. Conclusion: Proper late season irrigation in hardening phase can promote seedling growth, nutrient reserve and significantly improve the seedling growth after outplanting. Although it reduces the cold tolerance slightly, it has little effect on the overall overwintering. By intergrating the seedling growth in the lignification stage and outplanting effect, the initial irrigation threshold of -40 kPa has the best effects when seedling are cultivated in areas with similar conditions to the experimental site.

Key words: Populus tomentosa, late season irrigation, morphology, physiology, afforestation performance

CLC Number:

S718.43

Dong Qiao,Yong Liu,Shuyong Tian,Feng Zhang,Yajing Wang,Xiaoli Li,Xuejin Feng,Yanan Zhang. Effects of Water Management during Lignification on Morphology, Physiology and Afforestation Performance of Populus tomentosa Seedlings[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(11): 169-178.

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References 0

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处理Treatment	用水量Water consumption/(L·seedling^-1)	水分利用效率WUE/(g·L^-1)	灌溉频率Irrigation times/d
-20 kPa	29.01±0.35b	4.93±0.52a	12
-40 kPa	35.98±0.22a	3.84±0.41b	8
-60 kPa	32.92±0.42a	3.21±0.26bc	5
-80 kPa	35.32±0.19a	2.90±0.49c	4
CK	6.00±0.53c	3.44±0.52b	2

处理 Treatment	苗高增量 Growth of height/cm	地径增量 Growth of diameter/mm	茎生物量 Shoot biomass/g	根生物量 Root biomass/g	单株生物量 Total biomass/g·seedling^-1
-20 kPa	51.95±8.09b	3.17±0.16a	210.33±32.72a	96.32±13.28a	306.65±43.37a
-40 kPa	61.89±9.48a	2.96±0.91ab	206.27±30.15a	95.53±19.17a	301.79±49.14a
-60 kPa	47.39±10.71bc	3.02±0.78a	186.53±39.83a	82.77±15.50a	269.30±53.83a
-80 kPa	43.36±8.65c	2.44±0.79b	185.33±28.76a	80.73±13.35a	266.07±34.87a
CK	23.77±12.53d	2.25±0.91b	131.53±41.75b	62.92±16.34b	194.45±56.64b

处理 Treatment	20 cm顶梢直径 Top collar diameter at 20 cm/mm	干梢长度 Dry length/ cm	干梢率 Dry rate (%)	脯氨酸含量 Proline concentration/ (μg·g^-1)	可溶性糖含量 Soluble sugar concentration(%)	未受冻部分萌芽率 Budding rate(%)
-20 kPa	4.18±0.14b	10.16±0.44a	90a	17.99±1.49d	6.39±0.37c	100a
-40 kPa	4.52±0.24a	7.80±0.51b	80ab	20.64±1.11cd	6.34±0.21c	100a
-60 kPa	4.76±0.27a	4.90±0.20c	70b	22.12±1.39bc	6.53±0.27bc	100a
-80 kPa	4.55±0.14a	4.16±0.19d	56.67c	24.41±1.56ab	6.74±0.15b	100a
CK	4.05±0.12b	2.12±0.19e	40d	26.24±2.33a	7.25±0.25a	100a

处理 Treatment	树高 Height/cm	胸径 DBH/mm	树高增量 Height increment/cm	胸径增量 DBH increment/mm	成活率 Survival rate(%)
-20 kPa	284.53±23.64bc	16.77±3.31b	12.67±5.59c	3.44±1.19b	78±0.00b
-40 kPa	323.60±31.69a	22.86±5.40a	59.69±12.52a	8.55±2.87a	93±3.33a
-60 kPa	283.69±14.48bc	17.75±2.76b	28.65±7.36b	3.97±1.49b	75±3.33b
-80 kPa	303.00±36.81ab	20.16±5.26ab	34.82±8.25b	5.02±1.30ab	65±6.66c
CK	264.54±25.34c	16.22±2.99b	13.49±5.32c	3.00±0.85b	68±3.33c

处理 Treatment	树高 Height/cm	胸径 DBH/mm	树高增量 Height increment/cm	胸径增量 DBH increment/mm	保存率 Survival rate/%
-20 kPa	397.67±62.23b	30.80±6.84c	153.13±26.81b	14.08±6.25c	78±0.0b
-40 kPa	546.00±48.28a	64.17±10.15a	232.40±24.57a	54.58±9.94a	93±3.3a
-60 kPa	441.33±83.21b	39.73±10.31b	169.37±32.57b	21.13±9.44b	75±3.3b
-80 kPa	477.20±76.72b	37.32±8.54b	146.19±40.25bc	17.33±7.81bc	65±6.6c
CK	298.67±57.26c	25.38±4.06c	91.60±20.51c	10.75±3.59c	68±3.3c

Effects of Water Management during Lignification on Morphology, Physiology and Afforestation Performance of Populus tomentosa Seedlings

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指标 Indicator	成活率 Survival rate	第1年树高 First year height	第1年胸径 First year DBH	第2年树高 Second year height	第2年胸径 Second year DBH
可溶性糖含量Soluble sugar concentration	0.97^**	0.34	0.25	0.02	0.24
可溶性糖单株质量Soluble sugar content per seedling	0.91^*	0.41	0.77	0.65	0.61
淀粉含量Starch concentration	0.74	0.48	0.45	0.72	0.49
淀粉单株质量Starch content per seedling	0.72	0.46	0.45	0.66	0.57
可溶性糖/淀粉Soluble sugar/starch	0.99^**	0.62	0.59	0.54	0.60
苗高Seedling height	0.47	0.76	0.53	0.90^*	0.71
地径Root collar diameter	0.4	0.55	0.69	0.89^*	0.95*
生物量Biomass	0.64	0.47	0.45	0.73	0.61
干梢长度Dry length	0.66	0.23	0.22	0.21	0.19
N含量N concentration	0.36	0.13	0.27	0.09	0.03
N单株质量N content per seedling	0.62	0.91^*	0.89^*	0.79	0.65
P含量P concentration	0.35	0.81	0.78	0.003	0.10
P单株质量P content per seedling	0.61	0.74	0.69	0.58	0.45
K含量K concentration	0.44	0.60	0.48	0.13	0.15
K单株质量K content per seedling	0.61	0.61	0.63	0.81	0.66
脯氨酸含量Proline concentration	0.65	0.19	0.16

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