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Scientia Silvae Sinicae ›› 2021, Vol. 57 ›› Issue (4): 14-23.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210402

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Regulation Effects of Burned Areas Vegetation Restoration on Forest Microclimate Characteristics in the Growing Season

Lihong Wang1,Hongkun Gao1,Yusen Zhao2,Qiang Fu1,*,Chuanyuan He1,Xin Sun1,Jianxin Liang1,Xiaopeng Zhang1   

  1. 1. School of Water Conservancy and Civil Engineering, Northeast Agricultural University Harbin 150030
    2. College of Forestry, Northeast Forestry University Harbin 150040
  • Received:2020-02-14 Online:2021-04-25 Published:2021-05-21
  • Contact: Qiang Fu

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to characterize the changes of air temperature and humidity, and soil temperature in Larix gmelinii plantation in different years of restoration in severely burned areas of Great Xing'an Mountains, and to deepen understanding of the regulating effect of vegetation restoration on microclimate in burned areas. Method: In this study, the method of time-space mutual substitution was adopted to select L. gmelinii plantation in different years of (3-24 years) restoration in severely burned areas of Great Xing'an Mountains. Air temperature and humidity and soil temperature were measured in situ in the growing season from June to September in order to compare the diurnal and seasonal variation of air temperature, relative air humidity and soil temperature of L. gmelinii plantation among different years of restoration. Specifically, air temperature and humidity at 1.5 m above ground were automatically monitored hourly using the temperature-humidity recorder of HOBO Prov2, and soil temperature at 5 cm and 10 cm under ground was automatically monitored hourly using the temperature recorder of WatchDog B101. Result: The diurnal variation of air temperature showed an inverted U-shaped trend, with low values in the morning and evening, and high values during the daytime. The diurnal variation of relative air humidity showed a U-shaped trend, and the diurnal variation of soil temperature showed a sinusoidal curve of different phases. Diurnal variation of soil temperature at 5 cm under ground was higher than that of 10 cm under ground. Maximum and minimum soil temperature at 5 cm under ground occurred earlier than that of 10 cm under ground. Diurnal variation of air temperature was higher than that of soil, and the minimum and maximum air temperature appeared earlier than that of soil for L. gmelinii plantation among different years of restoration. With the increase of years of restoration, the occurrence time of maximum and minimum values of air temperature and humidity and soil temperature all showed a delayed effect, and the diurnal range gradually decreased. After twenty-four years of restoration, the occurrence time of maximum and minimum temperature of air and soil appeared 1-2 h later than that of the control plot, and the occurrence time of maximum and minimum relative air humidity occurred 1-3 h later than that of the control plot. Air temperature in the forest decreased with the increase of years of restoration. After twenty-four years of restoration, air temperatures from June to September were significantly lower than that of the control plot, with decrease of 3.5, 2.96, 3.46 and 3.84 ℃, respectively. In the process of vegetation restoration, relative air humidity from June to September ranged from 58.69% to 85.79%. After twenty-four years of restoration, the relative air humidities from June to September were significantly higher than that in the control plot, with increase of 14.19%, 12.89%, 13.16% and 13.67%, respectively. Soil temperatures at 5 and 10 cm under ground both decreased with the increase of years of restoration. After twenty-four years of restoration, soil temperatures at 5 cm under ground from June to September were 9.71, 6.85, 6.17 and 4.76 ℃ lower than that of the control plot, and soil temperatures at 10 cm under ground were 10.96, 7.82, 7.13 and 5.03 ℃ lower than that of the control plot. Microclimate factors (M) and years of restoration (t) can be fitted by the equation of M=kt+p (k is the regression coefficient of the equation; p is the constant term of the equation) and the goodness of fitting was significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion: During vegetation restoration, temperature of soil and air decreased gradually. However, relative air humidity increased gradually. Forest microclimate is likely to be cloudier, cooler, and wetter with the weakened fluctuations and increased stability.

Key words: Larix gmelinii, burned areas, vegetation restoration, air temperature and humidity, soil temperature

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