金沙江干热河谷人工林地表的蚂蚁群落

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20150818

Abstract

Abstract:

[Objective] Because of the fragile ecological environment in arid-hot valleys of Jinsha River, Yunnan Province, China, the region has been the hot spots of vegetation restoration for which plantation is the main model. To reveal the diversity status of these plantations, and the potential role in biodiversity protection, the ground-dwelling ant community was studied in 7 different plantations in Jinsha River arid-hot valleys, by comparing the difference of ground-dwelling ant community in terms of species composition and diversity. It would be reference for revegetation and biodiversity protection in the arid-hot valleys. [Method] The experimental sites were in the Desert Ecosystem Observation Station of the State Forestry Administration in Yuanmou County. The sampled plots were set in the following tree plantations: Eucalyptus spp.; Jatropha carcas; Jatropha carcas +Leucaena leucocephala; Azadirachta indica; Azadirachta indica+Acacia auriculiformis; Azadirachta indica+Acacia glauca and Azadirachta indica+Leucaena leucocephala. Investigation of ground-dwelling ant community was carried out by pitfall trappings in all 7 plantations in April (dry season) and August (wet season), 2011,respectively. At each plot, two-three 200 m transects were established for ant collection. The 20 pitfall traps with 50ml 50% glycerol were set along each transect at 10 m intervals at ground level. Pitfall traps were made from plastic containers, 8 cm diameter and 15 cm deep, covered by a stone plate to protect the trap from rain. Traps were set for 5 days. The contents of each transect were placed separately in plastic bottles and deposited in 95% alcohol. [Results] The resultswere as follows: 1) Ant community composition: 4001 ant individuals were collected, representing 36 species in 17 genera and 5 subfamilies. The collected Myrmicinae subfamily had the most abundant genus and species, with 18 species in 6 genera, followed by Formicinae with 10 species in 5 genera, then Dolichoderinae with 6 species in 4 genera, and the last groups were Ponerinae and Aenictinae, each only with 1 sepcies and 1 genus. The genus of Tetramorium had the most abundant species with 6 species, followed by genus Monomorium with 4 species. There were 2 127 ant individuals representing 18 species captured in dry season (i.e. in April), among which, Tapinoma melanocephalum and Monomorium chinensis were the most abundant. In wet season (i.e. in August), there were 1 874 ant individuals were captured, among which, Iridmyrmex anceps and Tetramorium cuneinode were the most abundant. There was significant difference of ground-dwelling ant community species composition between dry season and wet season. The ant community in wet season could indicate that the species composition accorded to the features of the vegetations. 2) Ant abundance and diversity: among 7 plantations, the ant abundance in Azadirachta indica plantation was highest regardless the season, and was significantly higher than that in Eucalyptus spp. plantation and Azadirachta indica + Leucaena leucocephala or Acacia glauca plantation. The ant species richness in Azadirachta indica + Acacia auriculiformis plantation was the highest among all plantations, and ant species richness was lowest in Eucalyptus spp. plantation. There was no significant difference in species richness among the plantations in dry season. However, in wet season, the ant species richness in Azadirachta indica + Acacia auriculiformis plantation was significantly higher than that of other 6 plantations. There was low similarity of ant community composition among all selected plantations, which suggested higher β diversity. [Conclusion] The results indicated that Azadirachta indica + Acacia auriculiformis plantation has positive role in local biodiversity protection, and should be selected as a good model in restoration. The other 6 plantations also have certain role in increasing the biodiversity in regional level, owing to their different ant species composition.

Key words: Formicidae, biodiversity, species composition, bio-indication, plantations

CLC Number:

Q968

Li Qiao, Lu Zhixing, Zhang Wei, Ma Yanyan, Feng Ping. Communities of Ground-Dwelling Ants in Different Plantation Forests in Arid-Hot Valleys of Jinsha River, Yunnan Province, China[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2015, 51(8): 134-142.

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Communities of Ground-Dwelling Ants in Different Plantation Forests in Arid-Hot Valleys of Jinsha River, Yunnan Province, China

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