鄂尔多斯地区13种典型灌木的可加性生物量模型及含碳率

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240311

林业科学 ›› 2025, Vol. 61 ›› Issue (4): 117-128.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20240311

鄂尔多斯地区13种典型灌木的可加性生物量模型及含碳率

刘霞^1,²,凌成星^1,^2,*(),陈永富^1,²,刘华^1,²,贺振平³,李泽江⁴,孙维娜⁴,马志杰³,由海霞⁵,吕文⁶,赵峰^1,²,曾浩威^1,²,王鑫淼^1,²

1. 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所　北京 100091
2. 国家林业和草原局林业遥感与信息技术重点实验室　北京 100091
3. 鄂尔多斯市林业和草原局　鄂尔多斯 017000
4. 鄂尔多斯市国际荒漠化防治技术创新中心　鄂尔多斯 017000
5. 鄂尔多斯市农牧技术推广中心　鄂尔多斯 017000
6. 鄂尔多斯生态环境职业学院　鄂尔多斯 017000

收稿日期:2024-05-28 出版日期:2025-04-25 发布日期:2025-04-21
通讯作者: 凌成星 E-mail:lingcx@ifrit.ac.cn
基金资助:
国家重点研发计划子课题“森林资源星机地遥感综合试验”(2023YFD2201705-3)。

Additive Biomass Models and Carbon Content of Thirteen Typical Shrubs in Erdos Region

Xia Liu^1,²,Chengxing Ling^1,^2,*(),Yongfu Chen^1,²,Hua Liu^1,²,Zhenping He³,Zejiang Li⁴,Weina Sun⁴,Zhijie Ma³,Haixia You⁵,Wen Lü⁶,Feng Zhao^1,²,Haowei Zeng^1,²,Xinmiao Wang^1,²

1. Research Institute of Forest Resource Information Techniques, Chinese Academy of Forestry　Beijing 100091
2. Key Laboratory of Forestry Remote Sensing and Information System, National Forestry and Grassland Administration　Beijing 100091
3. Ordos Forestry and Grassland Bureau　Erdos 017000
4. Erdos International Desertification Control Technology Innovation Center　Erdos 017000
5. Erdos Agricultural and Animal Husbandry Technology Extension Center　Erdos 017000
6. Erdos Vocational College of Ecological Environment　Erdos 017000

Received:2024-05-28 Online:2025-04-25 Published:2025-04-21
Contact: Chengxing Ling E-mail:lingcx@ifrit.ac.cn

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 基于冠幅面积和灌木高度变量构建鄂尔多斯地区13种典型灌木的可加性生物量模型，并根据生物量分配系数加权确定整株灌木的综合含碳率，为在区域尺度上精准评估灌木碳储量提供基础支撑。方法: 以内蒙古鄂尔多斯地区13种典型灌木为对象，测定各器官组分生物量和含碳率；利用线性模型、对数模型、幂函数和理论生长方程构建以冠幅面积、灌木高度和植冠体积为自变量的基础灌木生物量模型，从中挑选出各器官组分生物量的最优模型形式，采用分量相加的多元非线性联合估计方法构建可加性生物量模型，通过加权回归消除模型异方差；以各器官组分生物量占比为权重，计算各灌木的综合含碳率。结果: 鄂尔多斯地区13种典型灌木的基础生物量模型均以幂函数效果最好，构建的可加性生物量模型具有较高精度，大多数模型的决定系数（R²）在0.8以上且归一化均方误差（NMSE）接近0.1。在单因素指标中，模型自变量采用冠幅面积时的精度比采用灌木高度时更高，而冠幅面积与灌木高度组成的复合因子植冠体积是大多数灌木生物量模型的最佳自变量。各器官的含碳率具有波动性且变化在28.86%~46.97%，同一器官的含碳率在不同灌木种类之间存在显著差异，13种灌木的器官生物量加权平均含碳率为34.68%~42.37%。结论: 幂函数是预测灌木生物量模型的最佳形式，以冠幅面积和灌木高度的复合因子植冠体积为自变量的可加性生物量模型精度较高且实用性强；不同灌木的各器官及整株植物含碳率均存在差异，估算灌木碳储量时应考虑不同物种的含碳率差异。本研究结果可为干旱半干旱区灌木碳储量和碳汇的精细化遥感监测和评估提供参数与模型支撑。

关键词: 灌木生物量, 可加性生物量模型, 含碳率, 荒漠, 鄂尔多斯

Abstract:

Objective: This study aims to construct additive biomass models for thirteen typical shrubs in Erdos region based on crown area and shrub height variables, and to determine whole-plant integrated carbon content by weighting biomass allocation coefficients, thereby providing foundational support for precise assessment of shrub carbon storage at regional scales. Method: Targeting thirteen typical shrub species in Erdos, Inner Mongolia, we measured biomass and carbon content of each organ. Four model types, linear models, logarithmic models, power functions, and theoretical growth models, were employed to construct basic shrub biomass models with crown area, shrub height, and crown volume as independent variables. The optimal model forms for each organ’s biomass were then selected, and additive biomass models were constructed using a multivariate nonlinear joint estimation method with component summation. Finally, weighted regression was applied to eliminate model heteroscedasticity. The integrated carbon content of each shrub species was calculated by weighting the carbon content of each organ according to its biomass proportion. Result: For the thirteen shrub species in Erdos, power functions performed best as the basic biomass equations. The constructed additive biomass models achieved high precision, with most models having R²(coefficient of determination) values generally above 0.8 and normalized mean squared error (NMSE) close to 0.1. Among the single-factor predictors, crown area provided higher model accuracy than shrub height. Composite factors combining crown area and shrub height (e.g., crown volume) were the optimal independent variables for most shrub biomass models. The carbon content of organs showed variability, ranging from 28.86% to 46.97%. The carbon content of the same organ varied significantly among different shrub species. The weighted average carbon content of organs for the thirteen shrubs ranged from 34.68% to 42.37%. Conclusion: Power function models are the best form for predicting shrub biomass. Additive biomass models using composite indicators of crown area and shrub height as independent variables exhibit high precision and practicality. Carbon content varies among organs and whole plants of different shrub species. Therefore, differences in species-specific carbon content must be considered when estimating shrub carbon storage. The results of this study provide parameters and model support for precise remote sensing monitoring and assessment of shrub carbon storage and carbon sinks in arid and semi-arid regions.

Key words: shrub biomass, additive biomass models, carbon content, desert, Erdos

中图分类号:

S758.5

刘霞,凌成星,陈永富,刘华,贺振平,李泽江,孙维娜,马志杰,由海霞,吕文,赵峰,曾浩威,王鑫淼. 鄂尔多斯地区13种典型灌木的可加性生物量模型及含碳率[J]. 林业科学, 2025, 61(4): 117-128.

Xia Liu,Chengxing Ling,Yongfu Chen,Hua Liu,Zhenping He,Zejiang Li,Weina Sun,Zhijie Ma,Haixia You,Wen Lü,Feng Zhao,Haowei Zeng,Xinmiao Wang. Additive Biomass Models and Carbon Content of Thirteen Typical Shrubs in Erdos Region[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2025, 61(4): 117-128.

图/表 9

表1

表2

表3

图1

图2

表4

13种灌木各组分的生物量模型及十折交叉验证精度评价结果①"

物种 Shrub species	组分 Components	模型形式 Equation form	系数 Coefficients			验证精度指标 Validation accuracy indicators
物种 Shrub species	组分 Components	模型形式 Equation form	a	b	c	AIC	BIC	R²	RMSE	NMSE
霸王 S. xanthoxylon	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	865.771	0.825	0.647	843.30	851.74	0.95	231.04	0.05
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	1 059.800	1.221	0.369	886.38	894.83	0.98	366.33	0.02
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.98	543.88	0.03

白刺 N. tangutorum	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	250.808	0.812	0.259	576.09	583.04	0.93	326.13	0.07
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	483.331	0.814	0.222	630.33	637.28	0.94	605.77	0.06
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.94	927.08	0.06

柽柳 T. chinensis	茎干 Stem	$ {W}_{1}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	89.542	0.793	1.928	708.83	715.88	0.84	809.35	0.16
	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{V}^{b} $	516.548	0.928	—	779.73	785.01	0.84	2 084.71	0.19
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	388.23	0.766	1.857	776.25	783.29	0.92	2 183.81	0.10
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {{W}_{1}+W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.92	4 251.54	0.10

红砂 R. songarica	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	956.821	0.940	0.862	475.19	482.24	0.90	60.18	0.11
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{C}^{b} $	195.328	1.152	—	471.46	476.75	0.73	34.71	0.27
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.88	87.19	0.13

沙地柏 S. vulgaris	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	2 843.858	1.207	0.718	611.06	617.40	0.69	1 343.74	0.32
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{V}^{b} $	2 331.357	0.643	—	560.61	565.36	0.44	668.35	0.58
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.70	1 693.73	0.31

沙冬青 A. mongolicus	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{V}^{b} $	1 167.344	0.747	—	701.17	707.19	0.98	149.84	0.02
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{V}^{b} $	795.728	0.771	—	723.97	729.99	0.95	177.83	0.06
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.98	230.21	0.02

沙蒿 A. desertorum	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{V}^{b} $	382.890	0.904	—	965.46	972.49	0.82	133.07	0.19
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{V}^{b} $	248.060	0.783	—	919.23	926.27	0.71	106.73	0.30
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.85	188.70	0.15

沙棘 H. rhamnoides	茎干 Stem	$ {W}_{1}=a{V}^{b} $	114.748	1.149	—	562.74	567.95	0.77	204.41	0.25
	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{V}^{b} $	401.915	0.975	—	600.69	605.90	0.89	335.46	0.12
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{V}^{b} $	194.627	0.631	—	547.13	552.34	0.75	136.70	0.26
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {{W}_{1}+W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.88	561.27	0.12

沙柳 S. psammophila	茎干 Stem	$ {W}_{1}=a{V}^{b} $	6.431	1.656	—	946.33	952.76	0.72	488.83	0.34
	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{V}^{b} $	31.266	0.600	—	1 127.68	1 134.11	0.80	1 594.45	0.22
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{V}^{b} $	40.485	1.449	—	1 079.72	1 086.15	0.84	1 011.48	0.17
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {{W}_{1}+W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.83	2 870.21	0.19

四合木 T. mongolica	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{V}^{b} $	2 851.685	0.857	—	1 047.25	1 054.16	0.92	288.54	0.08
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{V}^{b} $	928.884	0.578	—	966.60	973.51	0.76	144.13	0.24
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.90	406.70	0.10

梭梭 H. ammodendron	茎干 Stem	$ {W}_{1}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	229.545	0.330	1.120	612.70	620.58	0.90	65.82	0.11
	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	509.570	0.460	1.140	722.54	730.42	0.85	228.13	0.15
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{C}^{b}{H}^{C} $	311.040	0.520	1.150	661.80	669.68	0.89	127.15	0.11
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {{W}_{1}+W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.89	390.92	0.11

柠条 C. korshinskii	茎干 Stem	$ {W}_{1}=a{V}^{b} $	645.658	0.443	—	2 045.58	2 054.23	0.57	445.51	0.43
	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{V}^{b} $	456.444	0.503	—	2 111.22	2 119.87	0.69	278.59	0.33
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{V}^{b} $	339.742	0.534	—	2 033.75	2 042.40	0.76	195.46	0.26
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {{W}_{1}+W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.70	843.99	0.32

杨柴 C. fruticosum var. mongolicum	枝叶Branch and leaf	$ {W}_{2}=a{V}^{b} $	157.261	0.897	—	459.23	463.81	0.68	129.95	0.38
	根系Root	$ {W}_{3}=a{V}^{b} $	53.242	0.694	—	362.94	367.52	0.66	33.15	0.36
	整株All parts	$ {W}_{4} $= $ {W}_{2}+{W}_{3} $	—	—	—	—	—	0.71	149.15	0.34

表4

图3

图4

表5

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样区编号 Plot code	面积 Area/km²	经度 Longitude (E)/(°)	纬度 Latitude (N)/(°)	海拔Altitude/m	覆盖度 Coverage degree	样区内主要灌木 Main shrubs in the sample plot
1	1	109.54	39.27	1 402	0.681	柠条、沙柳、沙蒿、杨柴 C. korshinskii，S. psammophila，A. desertorum，C. fruticosum var. mongolicum
2	1	108.85	39.53	1 476	0.278	沙蒿、柠条A. desertorum，C. korshinskii
3	1	108.92	39.54	1 469	0.063	柠条C. korshinskii
4	1	108.77	39.30	1 371	0.210	沙蒿、杨柴、沙柳 A. desertorum，C. fruticosum var. mongolicum，S. psammophila
5	1	108.75	39.29	1 389	0.360	柠条、沙柳、沙蒿、杨柴C. korshinskii，S. psammophila，A. desertorum， C. fruticosum var. mongolicum
6	1	109.02	39.78	1 502	0.154	沙柳、沙蒿 S. psammophila，A. desertorum
7	1	109.54	40.42	1 037	0.259	沙棘、柠条H. rhamnoides，C. korshinskii
8	1	106.88	40.08	1 140	0.083	四合木、沙冬青、霸王T. mongolica，A. mongolicus，S. xanthoxylon
9	1	106.90	40.08	1 166	0.064	霸王、沙冬青、白刺、四合木 S. xanthoxylon，A. mongolicus，N. tangutorum，T. mongolica
10	1	106.91	40.07	1 185	0.039	红砂、四合木、霸王、沙冬青、白刺R. soongarica，T. mongolica， S. xanthoxylon，A. mongolicus，N. tangutorum
11	1	106.92	40.06	1 196	0.047	红砂、四合木R. soongarica，T. mongolica
12	1	107.29	40.50	1 041	0.585	沙蒿、柽柳A. desertorum，T. chinensis
13	1	107.28	40.50	1 080	0.073	梭梭、沙蒿、柠条H. ammodendron，A. desertorum， C. korshinskii
14	1	109.30	38.98	1 313	0.712	沙地柏S. valgaris

物种 Shrub species	样株数量 Samples number	灌木高度 Shrub height/m	冠幅面积 Crown area/m²	各组分生物量 Biomass of each component of shrub/g
物种 Shrub species	样株数量 Samples number	灌木高度 Shrub height/m	冠幅面积 Crown area/m²	茎干 Stem	枝叶 Branch and leaves	根系 Root	灌木生物量 Shrub biomass
霸王 S. xanthoxylon	69	0.39~1.57	0.21~6.51	—	63~5 214	130~12 665	214~17 879
白刺 N. tangutorum	50	0.2~0.9	0.21~58.02	—	52~637	132~11 281	198~16 918
柽柳 T. chinensis	51	0.85~3.58	0.19~17.87	16~10 848	46~26 898	66~34 704	128~67 584
红砂 R. songarica	51	0.17~0.68	0.20~1.48	—	48~831	21~721	69~1 553
沙地柏 S. vulgaris	42	0.38~1.25	1.90~3.75	—	3 367~15 166	635~6 438	5 729~19 903
沙冬青 A. mongolicus	63	0.28~1.21	0.06~6.42	—	28~4 288	35~2 997	102~7 286
沙蒿 A. desertorum	89	0.33~1.06	0.10~4.15	—	13~1 400	4~910	17~2 310
沙棘 H. rhamnoides	50	0.67~2.32	0.12~4.15	19~1 598	79~4 183	21~1 209	139~6 831
沙柳 S. psammophila	71	0.98~3.11	0.19~16	21~4 109	19~16 379	26~11 559	127~32 048
四合木 T. mongolica	86	0.24~0.75	0.14~3.43	—	108~4 960	48~1 674	230~6 458
梭梭 H. ammodendron	61	0.56~2.85	0.18~4.26	44~1 103	71~2 686	45~1 719	160~5 255
柠条 C. korshinskii	148	0.23~4.35	0.05~23.41	48~5 362	31~8 530	22~6 116	102~16 632
杨柴C. fruticosum var. mongolicum	38	0.52~1.65	0.12~4.12	—	11~1 031	3~206	14~1 237

方程编号 Equation code	方程类型 Equation types	方程形式 Equations form	方程编号 Equation code	方程类型 Equation types	方程形式 Equations form
Eq.3	线性函数Linear function	$ W=aC+b $	Eq.10	幂函数Power function	$ W=a{H}^{b} $
Eq.4	线性函数Linear function	$ W=aH+b $	Eq.11	幂函数Power function	$ W=a\mathrm{\mathit{V}}^b $
Eq.5	线性函数Linear function	$ W=aV+b $	Eq.12	幂函数Power function	$ W=a{C}^{b}{H}^{c} $
Eq.6	对数函数Logarithmic function	$ W=a\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}C+b $	Eq.13	Schumacher理论生长方程 Schumacher theoretical growth equation	$ W=a{\mathrm{e}}^{-b/C} $
Eq.7	对数函数Logarithmic function	$ W=a\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}H+b $	Eq.14	Schumacher理论生长方程 Schumacher theoretical growth equation	$ W=a{\mathrm{e}}^{-b/H} $
Eq.8	对数函数Logarithmic function	$ W=a\mathrm{l}\mathrm{n}V+b $	Eq.15	Schumacher理论生长方程 Schumacher theoretical growth equation	$ W=a{\mathrm{e}}^{-b/V} $
Eq.9	幂函数Power function	$ W=a{C}^{b} $

物种 Shrub species	各组分含碳率 Carbon content of each component (%)			根冠比 Root-shoot ratio	加权平均含碳率 Weighted average carbon content (%)
物种 Shrub species	茎干 Stem	枝叶Branch and leaf	根系 Root	根冠比 Root-shoot ratio	加权平均含碳率 Weighted average carbon content (%)
霸王 Sarcozygium xanthoxylon	—	44.31±4.21Aa	41.25±6.12ABCa	1.80±0.38	42.37
白刺 Nitraria tangutorum	—	41.29±5.63Aa	42.03±5.01ABCa	2.26±1.98	41.78
柽柳 Tamarix chinensis	43.72±12.24Aa	28.86±6.51Bb	36.03±10.10BCab	1.07±0.15	34.68
红砂 Reaumuria songarica	—	38.49±3.04ABa	41.59±2.97ABCa	0.43±0.13	39.40
沙地柏 Sabina vulgaris	—	37.98±8.87ABa	32.96±5.35Ca	0.45±0.10	36.37
沙冬青 Ammopiptanthus mongolicus	—	42.74±10.21Aa	41.34±6.03ABCa	0.92±0.74	42.12
沙蒿 Artemisia desertorum	—	40.52±8.08Aa	34.55±11.05BCa	0.83±0.79	38.05
沙棘 Hippophae rhamnoides	33.57±16.39Aa	37.76±4.86ABa	46.97±11.67Aa	0.22±0.09	38.41
沙柳 Salix psammophila	42.56±11.16Aa	38.88±9.88Aa	38.62±9.87ABCa	0.61±0.20	39.49
四合木 Tetraena mongolica	—	37.19±9.96ABa	32.49±7.11Ca	0.55±0.22	35.59
梭梭 Haloxylon ammodendron	35.58±2.61Aa	43.41±5.58ABb	43.85±6.71ABa	0.41±0.06	39.80
柠条 Caragana korshinskii	41.20±11.13Aa	36.87±9.76ABa	33.00±7.59Ca	0.32±0.15	37.91
杨柴 Corethrodendron fruticosum var. mongolicum	—	39.10±9.04Aa	36.35±9.73BCa	0.40±0.30	38.38

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鄂尔多斯地区13种典型灌木的可加性生物量模型及含碳率

Additive Biomass Models and Carbon Content of Thirteen Typical Shrubs in Erdos Region

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