雷竹林下养鸡对土壤活性有机碳及碳库管理指数的影响

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220160

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 探究雷竹林下养鸡对表层土壤活性有机碳及碳库管理指数的影响，明确不同养殖密度下竹林养鸡对土壤质量和竹林生态系统碳素稳定的扰动程度，为制定可持续性、生态友好性的林下养殖策略提供科学依据。方法: 以距鸡舍的距离表征养殖密度，分析距鸡舍5 m（2.25~2.70只· m^?2）、15 m（1.05~1.26只· m^?2）、25 m（0.60~0.72只· m^?2）、35 m（0.34~0.41只· m^?2）和>60 m（雷竹纯林对照，0只· m^?2）条件下表层土壤活性有机碳分布及碳库管理指数的差异。结果: 与雷竹纯林对照相比，竹林养鸡能够有效促进土壤有机碳（SOC）积累，但不同养殖密度下SOC无显著差异。易氧化有机碳（EOC）、轻组有机碳（LFOC）、颗粒态有机碳（POC）等活性有机碳组分在竹林养鸡系统中分别提高43.72%~76.95%、5.55%~47.85%、19.59%~43.54%，可溶性有机碳（DOC）显著降低6.35%~19.09%。EOC、LFOC、POC均与SOC呈显著正相关，DOC与SOC不存在显著相关性。与雷竹纯林对照相比，碳库活度、碳库活度指数、碳库指数、碳库管理指数等在竹林养鸡系统中显著提高，氧化稳定系数显著下降。结论: 雷竹林下养鸡能够提高土壤碳库管理指数和土壤质量，显著改善表层土壤活性有机碳分布；较高的养殖密度可能影响凋落物输入，并通过频繁扰动破坏表层土壤结构，降低土壤水稳性，影响土壤有机碳积累；较高养殖密度下的适度休养或轮养可能是目前竹林养鸡过程中平衡经济效益和环境影响的有效途径。

关键词: 活性有机碳, 碳库管理指数, 土壤质量, 林下养殖, 雷竹

Abstract:

Objective: This study analyzed the effects of bamboo chicken farming (BCF) on the active organic carbon and carbon pool management index of the topsoil of Phyllostachys praecox forest under different densities. We hope that this study will clarify the extent of disturbance to soil quality and carbon stability of bamboo forest ecosystems by BCF under different densities, and provide a scientific basis for the development of sustainable and eco-friendly under-forest farming strategies. Method: We characterized the different farming densities by the different distances from the chicken house. And we investigated the differences in the distribution of soil active organic carbon pools and the carbon pool management index under the conditions of 5 m (2.25–2.70 chickens·m^?2), 15 m (1.05–1.26 chickens·m^?2), 25 m (0.60–0.72 chickens·m^?2), 35 m (0.34–0.41 chickens·m^?2), and >60 m (CK, pure forest, 0 chickens·m^?2) from the chicken house. Result: We found that BCF could effectively promote the accumulation of soil organic carbon (SOC) compared with pure forest, but there was no significant difference in SOC at different farming densities And the active organic carbon fractions such as easily oxidizable organic carbon (EOC), light fraction organic carbon (LFOC), and particulate organic carbon (POC) were found to increase by 43.72%–76.95%, 5.55%–47.85%, and 19.59%–43.54%, respectively, in the bamboo forest chicken rearing system. But dissolved organic carbon (DOC) decreased significantly by 6.35% to 19.09% in BCF compared to pure forest. We also found that EOC, LFOC, and POC were significantly and positively correlated with SOC, but DOC was not significantly correlated with SOC in the BCF system. Compared with pure forest, carbon pool activity, activity index, carbon pool index, and carbon pool management index were found to be significantly increased in the BCF system, while the oxidative stability coefficient was significantly decreased. Conclusion: BCF improved soil carbon pool management indices and soil quality, and significantly altered the distribution of active organic carbon pools in surface soil. And higher farming density may influence litter input and disrupt surface soil structure through frequent disturbances, reducing soil water stability and affecting soil organic carbon accumulation. Moderate resting or rotation at higher farming densities may be the only way to balance the economic and environmental benefits of the current process of farming chickens in bamboo forests.

Key words: active organic carbon pools, carbon pool management index, soil quality, bamboo chicken farming, Lei bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox)

中图分类号:

S714.5

盖旭,张健,吕衡,黄志远,李巧玲,钟哲科,卞方圆,张小平. 雷竹林下养鸡对土壤活性有机碳及碳库管理指数的影响[J]. 林业科学, 2023, 59(12): 78-86.

Xu Gai,Jian Zhang,Heng Lü,Zhiyuan Huang,Qiaoling Li,Zheke Zhong,Fangyuan Bian,Xiaoping Zhang. Effects of Chicken Farming on Soil Active Organic Carbon and Carbon Pool Management Index in the Lei Bamboo (Phyllostachys praecox) Forest[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(12): 78-86.

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处理 Treatments	pH	全氮 Total nitrogen/ (g·kg^?1)	全磷 Total phosphorus/ (g·kg^?1)	水解性氮 Hydrolytic nitrogen/ (mg·kg^?1)	有效磷 Available phosphorus/ (mg·kg^?1)
5 m	6.69±0.21a	2.67±0.11a	2.25±0.04a	214.97±4.96a	27.56±1.27a
15 m	5.75±0.08b	2.80±0.14a	2.04±0.05b	220.66±3.66a	26.13±1.58ab
25 m	5.66±0.12b	2.38±0.24b	1.94±0.08b	184.43±8.35b	25.61±1.47b
35 m	5.77±0.14b	2.45±0.11b	1.66±0.16c	176.69±4.50b	24.68±1.27b
对照CK	5.02±0.06c	1.90±0.09c	0.94±0.02d	146.67±9.55c	17.85±0.80c

处理 Treatments	EOC/SOC (%)	DOC/SOC (%)	LFOC/SOC (%)	POC/SOC (%)
5 m	11.85±1.03a	0.26±0.02b	11.14±1.44d	43.50±2.62a
15 m	11.01±1.36a	0.23±0.01c	15.34±1.41a	41.41±3.70ab
25 m	9.84±1.37a	0.27±0.02b	13.22±1.45bc	36.90±2.06c
35 m	9.83±1.69a	0.23±0.02c	13.98±0.85ab	37.99±2.80bc
对照CK	7.62±1.77b	0.33±0.02a	12.09±0.44cd	35.11±1.56c

处理 Treatments	L	LI	CPI	CPMI	K_os
5 m	0.13±0.01a	1.56±0.26a	1.15±0.09a	182.62±45.21a	7.49±0.78b
15 m	0.12±0.02a	1.41±0.16a	1.17±0.13a	167.39±38.93a	8.19±1.10b
25 m	0.11±0.02a	1.51±0.25a	1.14±0.06a	171.84±34.77a	9.33±1.46b
35 m	0.11±0.02a	1.35±0.22a	1.13±0.09a	151.85±25.01a	9.44±1.93b
对照CK	0.08±0.02b	1.00±0.00b	1.00±0.00b	100.00±0.00b	12.69±3.03a

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