白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂有翅和无翅型雌蜂寄生行为和子代发育比较

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220376

林业科学 ›› 2023, Vol. 59 ›› Issue (7): 128-136.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.LYKX20220376

白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂有翅和无翅型雌蜂寄生行为和子代发育比较

唐艳龙¹(),王丽娜¹,刘菲¹,康奎¹,曾伯平¹,王小艺²,魏可^2,*

1. 遵义师范学院生物与农业科技学院　贵州省赤水河流域动物资源保护与应用研究重点实验室　遵义 563002
2. 中国林业科学研究院森林生态环境与自然保护研究所　国家林业和草原局森林保护学重点实验室　北京 100091

收稿日期:2022-05-30 接受日期:2023-07-25 出版日期:2023-07-25 发布日期:2023-09-08
通讯作者: 魏可 E-mail:15120086160@163.com
基金资助:
贵州省科技厅基础研究项目（黔科合基础 [2020]1Y132）；国家自然科学基金项目（31901319）；赤水河流域动物资源保护与应用研究特色重点实验室建设项目（黔教合 KY 字[2013]111）；赤水河流域环境保护与山地农业发展人才基地项目

Comparison of Parasitic Behavior and Progeny Development between Winged and Wingless Female Adults of Sclerodermus pupariae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)

Yanlong Tang¹(),Lina Wang¹,Fei Liu¹,Kui Kang¹,Boping Zeng¹,Xiaoyi Wang²,Ke Wei^2,*

1. Laboratory of Regional Characteristic for Conservation and Utilization of Plant Resource in Chishui River Basin　College of Biology and Agriculture, Zunyi Normal University　Zunyi 563002
2. Key Laboratory of Forest Protection of National Forestry and Grassland Administration 　Ecology and Nature Conservation Institute, Chinese Academy of Forestry　Beijing 100091

Received:2022-05-30 Accepted:2023-07-25 Online:2023-07-25 Published:2023-09-08
Contact: Ke Wei E-mail:15120086160@163.com

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂雌蜂可发育为有翅或无翅型2种形态，但有翅型雌蜂在种群中占比较少。探究有翅和无翅型雌蜂的寄生行为和子代发育情况是否存在差异，为进一步明确在寄生蜂规模化繁育中调控有翅雌性个体的必要性提供理论依据。方法: 对比测定有翅和无翅型白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂雌蜂在生命周期内可完成产卵寄生的次数、雌蜂产卵前期、子代发育历期、子代数量和雄性比例。结果: 1）有翅和无翅型雌蜂最多可完成4次寄生过程，其寄生能力无显著差异，但寄生能力均随寄生次数增加而减弱；2种翅型雌蜂的寿命无显著差异，平均寿命约43天。2）有翅和无翅型雌蜂的产卵前期及其子代幼期历期均无显著差异。3）有翅和无翅型雌蜂子代总数及雄性比例无显著差异，一头雌蜂的子代总数分别为103头和98头，雄性比例分别为10.59%和6.90%；无论何种翅型的雌蜂，在4次寄生过程中，前2批次子代以雌性为主，后2批次子代以雄性为主。结论: 有翅雌蜂未因翅的发育造成寄生能力和繁殖力损耗，其生殖适合度较无翅型个体无差异。由于具翅雌蜂释放后自行扩散能力强，故人为调控诱导产生更多的具翅雌蜂对该寄生蜂在生物防治上发挥的作用更为有利。

关键词: 翅型分化, 寄生能力, 繁殖力, 发育历期, 性比

Abstract:

Objective: Female adults of Sclerodermus pupariae can develop into winged or wingless morphs. However, winged females are only occasionally found in both wild and mass-reared populations. This study aims to investigate whether there are differences in the parasitic behavior and progeny development between winged and wingless female individuals, so as to provide a theoretical basis for further clarifying the necessity of inducing production of winged females in the parasitoid mass-rearing. Method: The parasitism ability, pre-oviposition period, offspring immature duration, fecundity, and male offspring proportion of winged and wingless females were measured in the laboratory conditions. Result: 1) Both winged and wingless females could complete four times of parasitism. There was no significant difference in parasitism ability between the two types of morphs of the parasitoids, but the parasitism ability decreased with the increasing parasitism times. There was no significant difference in longevities of winged and wingless females, with an average lifespan of approximately 43 days. 2) There were no significant differences in the pre-oviposition period and the offspring immature duration between winged and wingless females. 3) The total numbers of offspring and male proportions of winged and wingless females exhibited no significant differences. Winged and wingless females could produce approximately 103 and 98 progenies, respectively. Their male progeny proportions were 10.59% and 6.90%, respectively. Both winged and wingless females had the four parasitism times, and their offsprings in the first two broods were dominated by females, and the second two broods of offsprings were dominated by males. Conclusion: The parasitism and fecundity of winged females are not lost due to the development of wings, and the reproductive fitness of winged females does not decrease in comparison to the wingless individuals. Due to the strong self diffusion ability of winged females after release, more winged females produced by artificial regulations would achieve benefits for biocontrol application of this parasitoid.

Key words: wing dimorphism, parasitism ability, fecundity, developmental duration, sex ratio

中图分类号:

S763.306.4

唐艳龙,王丽娜,刘菲,康奎,曾伯平,王小艺,魏可. 白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂有翅和无翅型雌蜂寄生行为和子代发育比较[J]. 林业科学, 2023, 59(7): 128-136.

Yanlong Tang,Lina Wang,Fei Liu,Kui Kang,Boping Zeng,Xiaoyi Wang,Ke Wei. Comparison of Parasitic Behavior and Progeny Development between Winged and Wingless Female Adults of Sclerodermus pupariae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2023, 59(7): 128-136.

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寄生批次 Order of brood	有翅型Winged			无翅型Wingless			显著性 Significance
寄生批次 Order of brood	寄主数 Numbers of host (n)	寄生数 Parasitism number (n)	寄生率 Parasitism rate (%)	寄主数 Numbers of host (n)	寄生数 Parasitism number (n)	寄生率 Parasitism rate (%)	显著性 Significance
1	50	43	86.00a	50	42	84.00a	ns
2	37	29	78.38a	36	29	80.56a	ns
3	20	11	55.00b	19	10	52.63b	ns
4	7	2	28.57b	5	3	60.00b	ns
5	—	—	—	2	0	0c	—
显著性 Significance	—	—	**	—	—	**

雌蜂类型 Female type	雌性子代数 Numbers of female offspring (n)	雄性子代数 Numbers of male offspring (n)	子代总数 Numbers of offspring (n)	子代雄性比 Male proportion (%)
有翅型 Winged	94.84±5.02	8.23±2.25	103.07±5.60	6.90±1.71
无翅型 Wingless	84.43±4.18	13.98±3.60	98.40±6.31	10.59±2.05
显著性 Significance	ns	ns	ns	ns

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白蜡吉丁肿腿蜂有翅和无翅型雌蜂寄生行为和子代发育比较

Comparison of Parasitic Behavior and Progeny Development between Winged and Wingless Female Adults of Sclerodermus pupariae (Hymenoptera: Bethylidae)

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