平泉油松建筑材林立地类型划分及立地质量评价

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20210901

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 对河北省平泉市油松人工林进行立地类型划分和立地质量评价，并将立地质量分级，以期筛选出适合培育油松建筑材林的林地。方法: 以河北平泉油松人工林为研究对象，基于92块固定样地数据和42株解析木数据，采用主导因子分析法筛选主导因子，并划分立地类型。采用相对优势高法编制立地指数表，根据立地指数表进行立地质量评价。选取林龄、密度一致，立地质量不同的9块样地，伐取优势木，分析油松木材物理力学性质。结果: 由平泉油松人工林立地类型分布图可知，中土层油松人工林最多，占油松人工林总面积的65.5%，薄土层次之，占油松人工林总面积的27.9%，厚土层最少，占油松人工林总面积的6.6%；阴坡油松人工林分布较多，占油松人工林总面积的76.6%，阳坡分布较少，占油松人工林总面积的23.4%。由立地指数分布图知，立地指数为9、10的地块占地面积14 277.665 hm²，占总面积的28.1%；立地指数为6、7、8的地块占地面积33 648.51 hm²，占总面积的66.1%；立地指数为4、5的地块占地面积2 973.63 hm²，仅占总面积的5.8%。结论: 河北平泉地区立地质量处于中等偏上水平，适合培育油松建筑材林，黄土梁子镇和柳溪满族乡为最佳地点。

关键词: 油松建筑材, 主导因子, 立地类型划分, 立地质量评价, 木材物理力学性质

Abstract:

Objective: The site classification and site quality evaluation of Pinus tabulaeformis plantation in Pingquan, Hebei Province were carried out, and the site quality was graded in order to select suitable plantations of P. tabulaeformis for construction timber. Method: The P. tabulaeformis plantation in Pingquan was investigated using the data from 92 fixed plots and stem analysis of 42 trees, the method of dominant factor analysis was used to screen out the dominant factors. The site index table was compiled by the method of comparative advantage, and the site quality was evaluated according to the table. Combined with the site index distribution map, 9 sample plots with the same age and density but different site quality were selected to analyze the physical and mechanical properties of P. tabulaeformis wood by cutting dominant trees. Result: According to the site type distribution map of P. tabulaeformis: the middle soil layer is the most distributed, accounting for 65.5% of the total area, the thin soil layer is 27.9%, the thick soil layer is the least, accounting for 6.6%; the shaded slopes are more distributed, it accounts for 76.6%, and the sunny slopes are less distributed, accounting for 23.4%. According to the distribution map of site index: the plots with site index of 9 and 10 cover an area of 14 277.665 hm², accounting for 28.1%; the plots with site index of 6, 7, and 8 cover an area of 33 648.51 hm², accounting for the total area 66.1%; only 2 973.63 hm² has a site index of 4 and 5, accounting for only 5.8% Collusionn: The quality of the site in Pingquan is at the upper-middle level, which is suitable for construction timber, for which Huangtuliangzi Town and Liuxi Manchu Township are the best sites.

Key words: Pinus tabulaeformis construction timber, ArcGIS, dominant factor, site type division, site quality evaluation, wood physical and mechanical properties

中图分类号:

S727.19

张晓文,于青军,罗桂生,贾茜,吴丹妮,贾忠奎. 平泉油松建筑材林立地类型划分及立地质量评价[J]. 林业科学, 2021, 57(9): 1-12.

Xiaowen Zhang,Qingjun Yu,Guisheng Luo,Xi Jia,Danni Wu,Zhongkui Jia. Site Classification and Site Quality Evaluation of Pinus tabulaeformis Plantation for Construction Timber in Pingquan, Hebei Province[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2021, 57(9): 1-12.

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龄阶 Age class/a	样地数量 Number of plot	平均年龄 Mean age/a	平均树高 Mean tree height/m	SD	3倍标准差上限 Upper limit of the 3 times SD	3倍标准差下限 Lower limit of the 3 times SD
15~20	3	16.33	6.74	2.45	14.07	-0.60
21~25	7	22.86	8.22	2.15	14.68	1.76
26~30	7	28.29	8.73	2.54	16.36	1.10
31~35	13	33.23	10.28	2.19	16.84	3.72
36~40	21	37.71	11.00	2.42	18.27	3.73
41~45	13	43.15	11.28	2.33	18.27	4.29
46~50	8	48.00	11.24	3.15	20.68	1.80
51~55	15	52.73	13.17	2.30	20.07	6.28
56~60	5	56.60	13.38	1.10	16.69	10.07

项目 Item	赋值Assignment
项目 Item	1	2	3	4	5	6
坡度Slope	≤5	6~15	16~25	26~35	36~45	≥46
	阴坡(北、东、东北、西北)	阳坡(南、西、西南、东南)
坡向Slope direction	Shady slope(north, east, northeast, northwest)	Sunny slope(south, west, southwest, southeast)
土层厚度Soil thickness/cm	≤30	31~59	≥60
腐殖质厚度Humus thickness/cm	≤10	11~19	≥20
凋落物厚度Litter thickness/cm	≤5	6~10	≥10

立地因子 Site factor	平方和 Sum of square	自由度 df	均方 Mean square	F	Pr>F
坡度Slope	5.307 275	5	1.061 455	0.502 718	0.681 877
坡向Slope	32.955 039	1	32.955 039	15.607 910	0.000 211
土层厚度Soil thickness	25.259 132	2	12.629 566	5.981 517	0.004 312
腐殖质厚度Humus thickness	4.118 226	2	2.059 113	0.975 221	0.440 489
凋落物厚度Litter thickness	10.461 928	2	5.230 964	2.477 449	0.070 057
残差Residual	168.914 560	80	2.111 432
模型Model	168.350 149	11	15.304 559	7.248 427	0.000 000
校正值Correction value	337.264 709	91
截距Intercept	6 177.125 633	1
合计Total	6 514.390 342	92

公式Equation	表达式Expression	R²	a	b	c	m
线性Linear	H=a+bA	0.824	1.935	0.217
双曲线Inverse	H=a+b/A	0.782	18.345	-219.996
对数曲线Logarithmic curve	H=a+blgA	0.806	-4.520	9.690
抛物线Quadratic	H=a+bA+cA²	0.836	2.109	0.208
理查兹Rachards	H=a(1-be^-cA)^1/(1-m)	0.785	10.108	1.235	0.002 00	-1.72
单分子型Mitscherlich	H=a+be^-cA	0.723	228.118	-226.368	1.000 25
逻辑斯特曲线Logistic curve	H=a/(1+be^-cA)	0.773	13.387	8.482	9.182 34
幂函数曲线Power curve	H=aA^b	0.855	0.524	0.815
等比级数曲线Growth curve	H=e^(a+bA)	0.809	1.522	0.200
指数曲线Exponential curve	H=ae^bA	0.809	4.582	0.200

项目Item	年龄Age/a
项目Item	15	20	25	30	35	40	45	50	55	60
调整系数Adjust coefficient	0.79	1.00	1.20	1.39	1.58	1.76	1.94	2.11	2.28	2.45
树高理论值Tree height in theory/m	4.80	6.00	7.20	8.40	9.50	10.60	11.70	12.70	13.70	14.70