干燥器法检测人造板甲醛释放量的主要影响因素及不确定度

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20201117

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

目的: 针对干燥器法检测人造板甲醛释放量存在的重现性差、准确度不高等问题，研究干燥器法检测过程中的主要影响因素及不确定度，为干燥器法甲醛检测标准改进提供技术支持和理论依据。方法: 以饰面刨花板为研究对象，考察吸收水量和板材承载率对板材甲醛释放量干燥器法检测结果的影响，同时分析干燥器法检测过程中各种不确定度的来源，计算其不确定度。结果: 当吸收水量由20 mL增至300 mL时，板材甲醛稳定释放值从49 μg增至72 μg，当板材承载率由0.037 m²·m^-3增至17.6 m²·m^-3时，单位承载率下板材甲醛稳定释放值由2.14 mg·L^-1降至0.88 mg·L^-1。板材甲醛释放量越低，其干燥器法检测值偏差越大，40 L干燥器法的测量不确定度较9~11 L干燥器法更高。在不确定度的主要来源中，重复测量引入的不确定度对总体不确定度的贡献最大。结论: 吸收水量与板材甲醛释放量呈正相关，承载率与板材甲醛释放量呈负相关。在试验过程中，每个步骤都应严格按照标准规范操作，以保证数据的准确性和可靠性。

关键词: 干燥器法, 人造板, 甲醛, 不确定度

Abstract:

Objective: The desiccator method is one of the main methods to determine formaldehyde emission in wood-based panels. However, the desiccator method also has some problems such as poor reproducibility and low accuracy. In order to improve the accuracy of the measurement results, it is necessary to study the main influencing factors and measurement uncertainty of the desiccator method. Method: In this paper, veneer particleboard was used as the research object, the influences of water absorption and panel's loading rate on the determination of formaldehyde emission in panel by desiccator method were investigated. Meanwhile, the sources of various uncertainties in the determination processes of desiccator method were analyzed, and the uncertainty was also calculated. Result: When the water absorption increased from 20 mL to 300 mL, the stable release value of formaldehyde increased from 49 μg to 72 μg. When the load-carrying ratio of sheet metal increased from 0.037 m²·m^-3 to 17.6 m²·m^-3, the stable release value of formaldehyde decreased from 2.14 mg·L^-1 to 0.88 mg·L^-1 at unit load-carrying ratio. Furthermore, the uncertainty of the 40 L dryer method was higher than that of the 9-11 L dryer. Among the main sources of uncertainty, the uncertainty introduced by repeated measurements contributed the largest to the overall uncertainty. Conclusion: Absorbed water was positively correlated with formaldehyde emission, while carrying capacity was negatively correlated with formaldehyde emission. In the processes of experiment, each step should be operated according to the standard specification to ensure the accuracy and reliability of the data.

Key words: desiccator method, wood-based panels, formaldehyde, uncertainty

中图分类号:

TS67

尹梦婷,李伯涛,吕斌,付跃进,杨帆,邹献武. 干燥器法检测人造板甲醛释放量的主要影响因素及不确定度[J]. 林业科学, 2020, 56(11): 159-167.

Mengting Yin,Botao Li,Bin Lü,Yuejin Fu,Fan Yang,Xianwu Zou. Influencing Factors and Uncertainty of Formaldehyde Emission in Wood-Based Panels by Desiccator Method[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2020, 56(11): 159-167.

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甲醛质量浓度 Formaldehyde concentration/ (mg·L^-1)	0	0.051	0.102	0.204	0.51	1.02	0	0.408	0.816	1.632	4.08	8.16
吸光度 Absorbance/A	0.007	0.011	0.015	0.023	0.049	0.093	0.007	0.041	0.076	0.143	0.34	0.68

承载率 Loading rate/ (m²·m^-3)	甲醛质量浓度 Formaldehyde concentration/ (mg·L^-1)	单位承载率下甲醛稳定释放值 Formaldehyde stable emission value under unit loading rate / (mg·L^-1)
0.037	0.079	2.14
1.47	2.45	1.67
7.35	8.97	1.22
14.7	13.80	0.94
17.6	15.49	0.88

样品种类 Sample species	序号 Serial number	A	A₀	A-A₀	甲醛释放量Formaldehyde emission/(mg·L^-1)
LPB	1	0.013	0.007	0.006	0.073
	2	0.014	0.007	0.007	0.085
	3	0.013	0.007	0.006	0.073
	4	0.013	0.007	0.006	0.073
	5	0.014	0.007	0.007	0.085
	6	0.013	0.007	0.006	0.073
	平均值Average value				0.077
MPB	1	0.046	0.007	0.039	0.474
	2	0.043	0.007	0.036	0.438
	3	0.043	0.007	0.036	0.438
	4	0.044	0.007	0.037	0.450
	5	0.045	0.007	0.038	0.462
	6	0.043	0.007	0.036	0.438
	平均值Average value				0.450
HPB	1	0.051	0.007	0.044	0.535
	2	0.053	0.007	0.046	0.559
	3	0.050	0.007	0.043	0.523
	4	0.053	0.007	0.046	0.559
	5	0.050	0.007	0.043	0.523
	6	0.051	0.007	0.044	0.535
	平均值Average value				0.539

样品种类 Sample species	序号 Serial number	A	A₀	A-A₀	甲醛释放量Formaldehyde emission/(mg·L^-1)
LPB	1	0.015	0.007	0.008	0.097
	2	0.014	0.007	0.007	0.085
	3	0.015	0.007	0.008	0.097
	4	0.013	0.007	0.006	0.073
	5	0.013	0.007	0.006	0.073
	6	0.014	0.007	0.007	0.085
	平均值Average value				0.085
MPB	1	0.051	0.007	0.044	0.535
	2	0.045	0.007	0.038	0.462
	3	0.047	0.007	0.040	0.486
	4	0.048	0.007	0.041	0.498
	5	0.049	0.007	0.042	0.511
	6	0.045	0.007	0.038	0.462
	平均值Average value				0.492
HPB	1	0.055	0.007	0.048	0.583
	2	0.053	0.007	0.046	0.559
	3	0.051	0.007	0.044	0.535
	4	0.051	0.007	0.044	0.535
	5	0.057	0.007	0.050	0.608
	6	0.056	0.007	0.049	0.596
	平均值Average value				0.569

各分量不确定度 Uncertainty of each component	吸收水体积 Absorbed water volume	板材试件切割 Panel specimen cutting	甲醛标准溶液 Formaldehyde standard solution	容量瓶 Volumetric flask	移液枪 Pipette gun	天平 Balance	分光光度计 Spectrophotometer	重复性测量 Repeatability measurement
LPB(9~11 L)	9.63×10^-3	1.21×10^-2						5.51×10^-2
MPB(9~11 L)	1.45×10^-2	5.44×10^-3						2.36×10^-2
HPB(9~11 L)			1.50×10^-2	6.45×10^-4	7.74×10^-4	3.85×10^-5	1.61×10^-3	2.10×10^-2
LPB(40 L)								9.15×10^-2
MPB(40 L)								4.17×10^-2
HPB(40 L)								3.85×10^-2