关键词: 软枣猕猴桃, 小孢子, 大孢子, 不育, 细胞学

Abstract: [Objective] Actinidia arguta is a nutritious fruit plant with a great potential for development of economic forest. Studies of fertility of the spores would help us to better understand the characteristics of propagation of the species, in order to provide theoretical basis for scientific and rational cultivation and management measures.[Method] In view of the existing problems in research and utilization of microspores and megaspores abortion of A. arguta, fertile anther and abortive ovary of male plants, sterile anther and normal ovary of female plants were investigated on the period and characteristics of its abortion at cellular and sub-cellular levels.[Result] In male plants, the pollens developed normally, with obvious columellae on the spore extine and integrated organelles, which microspores developed mitotically into mature binucleate pollens. In female plants, pollens were sterile, without columellae on the spore extine, moreover, the boundary lines of organelles were vague definition. Microspores were at the stage of single nucleus without mitosis. The pollen protoplasm of female plants concentrated into a paste, closed to one side and then disappeared, resulting in cavities in the pollen and pollen abortion. The style and stigma of pistil in male plant with clustered white fluffy as developed abnormally. Pistil of the female plant, with rapidly developing layers on the inner wall of the placenta cells are rapidly dividing, gradually protruding enlargement of the formation of the ovule primordia. The nucleus of a cell on the top of the lower nucellar epidermis significantly increased cytoplasmic highly concentrated archesporial cell, followed by megaspore mother cell and inverted-type ovules with the flower development. The male plant pistil ventricular tube block layers of cells on the inner wall has not been split, not protruding enlargement formed the ovule primordial, ovule development stagnated, the entire ventricular seem narrow and long.[Conclusion] In conclusion, pollens of A. arguta female plants had microspores during the development of floral organs, however, abnormal development presented at a later stage of signal nucleus, leading to pollens abortion. Ovule primordia stagnation is the cause for megaspore infertility of male plants.

Key words: Actinidia arguta, microspores, megaspores, abortion, cytology