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林业科学 ›› 2009, Vol. 12 ›› Issue (4): 14-18.doi: 10.11707/j.1001-7488.20090403

• 论文 • 上一篇    下一篇

矾矿废弃地生态修复植物种的筛选*

杨秀艳1 雷海清2 李发勇2 闫田力2 吴志钢2 何家骅2   

  1. (1. 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 北京 100091; 2. 浙江省亚热带作物研究所 温州 325005)
  • 收稿日期:2008-06-05 修回日期:1900-01-01 出版日期:2009-04-25 发布日期:2009-04-25
  • 通讯作者: 雷海清

Selections of Acclimation Pioneer Plants for Ecological Restoration in the Alum Mining Tailings

Yang Xiuyan1,Lei Haiqing2,Li Fayong2,Yan Tianli2,Wu Zhigang2,He Jiahua2,   

  1. (1. Research Institute of Forestry, CAF Beijing 100091; 2. Zhejiang Institute of Subtropical Crops Wenzhou 325005)
  • Received:2008-06-05 Revised:1900-01-01 Online:2009-04-25 Published:2009-04-25

摘要:

采用方差分析及隶属函数等方法对苍南矾矿废弃地引入的18种环境修复植物的生长与生理适应性进行研究。结果表明: 新分蘖高生长量在草本种间差异极显著(P<0.01),冠幅生长量在木本植物间差异极显著(P<0.01); 生理指标(叶绿素含量、SOD和CAT酶活性)在18个植物种间呈现显著差异(P<0.05),说明不同植物对矾矿废弃地环境的适应性是不同的,进行植物筛选是生态修复的关键和必要环节。综合生长与生理适应性表现,认为美丽胡枝子、新银合欢、构树和香根草是矾矿废弃地生态恢复的适生先锋物种,特别是具有生物固氮能力的美丽胡枝子和新银合欢对废弃土壤中N元素及有机质的积累有积极意义。

关键词: 矾矿废弃地, 生态恢复, 植物修复, 物种筛选, 生长与生理适应性

Abstract:

In this study, growth and physiological adaptability of 18 plant species used in Cangnan alum mining tailings phytoremediation had been analyzed through ANOVA and subordinate function analysis. The results showed that there were highly significant differences in increase of the tiller height among three grasses, and in growth of the canopy diameter among woody plants. There were also highly significant differences in physiological indexes (including content of chlorophyll, activities of superoxide dismutase and catalase) among all different species. Different growth and physiological performance of different species reflected their adaptability variations on the alum mining tailings. The results also indicated that screening of plants would be an essential step for phytoremediation. Lespedeza formosa, Leucaena leucocephalacv. salvador, Broussonetia papyriferaand Vetiveria zizanioideshad been found as fitness pioneer species for alum mining tailings ecological restoration according to integration evaluation of the growth and the physiological properties. It would be beneficial to accumulate nitrogen and organic matter in tailing soil via planting Lespedeza formosa and Leucaena leucocephala which have capacity of biological nitrogen fixation.

Key words: alum mining tailings, ecological restoration, phytoremediation, screening of plants, growth and physiological adaptability