关键词: 黄土高原, 杏幼树, 枣幼树, 塑膜集水, 促渗管, 降水利用率

Abstract:

In hilly and gully region of loess plateau, the technique of plasticcatchment and promoteinfiltration can increase survival rate, yield and quality of apricot and jujube, rainwater use efficiency and economic benefit, and prevent effectively from soil desiccation and harmful effect on plant growth. The experimental results indicated: The survival rate of apricot and jujube with the treatment increased respectively by 14% and 24% compared with control. The sapling grew quickly. The total yield of apricot fruit achieved 13 190 kg·hm^-2 in 5 years after plantation, and increased by 96.87% compared with control. The total yield of jujube fruit achieved 18 000 kg·hm^-2 in 5 years after plantation, and increased by 92.51% compared with control. Simultaneously the technique was able to remarkably enhance size of the fruit. Rainwater use efficiency of 5year old apricot reached 2.92 kg·m^-3, and increased by 53.68% compared with control. Rainwater use efficiency of 5 year old jujube reached 345 kg·m^-3, and increased by 53.33% compared with control. Net income of apricot and jujube increased respectively by 36.73% and 63.71% compared with their control. At the end of every year soil water storage of rhizosphere area (0～2 m) was obviously higher than control, the annual change in yield, water use efficiency, and etc. increased stably and gradually. In the growing season soil water content of rhizosphere area (0～2 m) was always higher than control, especially in rainy weather. This phenomenon was more obvious in 80～200 cm soil layers. During concentrated precipitation soil water recruitment below rhizosphere area (2～6 m) was 31.1mm, which was almost equal to 40 times of control. This water could be used by plant in arid season. This technique, with low cost simple operation, and long service time was high efficiency. It may have broad application prospect in the general drought and impoverished mountainous area of our country.

Key words: loess plateau, young apricot growth, young jujube growth, plasticcatchment, the waterinstrument of promote infiltration, rainwater use efficiency