柏木低效林改造不同模式土壤抗蚀性对比

doi:10.11707/j.1001-7488.20140614

摘要/Abstract

摘要：

以四川省德阳市旌阳区低效柏木林改造8年后的6种模式（栎竹模式、撑绿杂交竹模式、柏竹桤模式、柏栎模式、柏竹模式和柏木纯林）为对象研究土壤抗蚀性。结果表明：1）不同改造模式对土壤物理性质、有机质、细根含量及水稳性团聚体都有显著性的影响（P<0.05），其中土壤物理性质以柏竹桤最好，撑绿杂交竹最差；土壤有机质含量依次为柏竹桤>柏竹>柏栎>柏木>栎竹>撑绿杂交竹；细根含量则为撑绿杂交竹>柏竹桤>柏竹>柏木>柏栎>栎竹；水稳性团聚体柏竹桤>柏栎>柏竹>柏木>撑绿杂交竹>栎竹。2）对14个指标的主成分分析结果表明：不同模式下土壤抗蚀性的相对大小与水稳性团聚体一致，各指标中水稳性团聚体对抗蚀性贡献率最大（58.93%）。3）综合比较，柏竹桤模式在柏木人工林改造后生态系统服务功能显著提升，适宜在该地区推广。适宜的改造模式能够提高林地土壤的抗蚀性，减少水土流失，而不当的模式则会加剧水土流失，因此柏木低效林改造过程中，应选择合适的模式营建柏木混交林，对全砍重造要慎重。

关键词: 柏木, 低效林, 改造模式, 土壤抗蚀性

Abstract:

Large-area Cupressus funebris pure forests constructed for protection forests in Yangtze are a major forest type in hilly area Sichuan Basin, but are one of the two major low efficiency stands in Sichuan due to reasons. The plantations were reconstructed with planting different plant species in 2002.In this study, 6 planting patterns were selected to compare their soil anti-erodibility. The study area was located at Jingyang District, Deyang City, Sichuan Province. The experiment of soil anti-erodibility in different vegetable patterns was conducted in December 2010. The main results were: 1) There was significant influence of the reformation on soil physical properties, soil organic matter contents, fine root contents and water stable aggregates (P<0.05). Soil physical properties in BZQ were the best and those in CZ were the worst. The soil organic matter content was in the order: BZQ> BZ> BL> CB> LZ> CZ; the fine root contents were in the order: CZ> BZQ> BZ> CB> BL> LZ; water stable aggregates were in the order: BZQ> BL> BZ> CB> CZ> LZ. 2) Principal component analysis indicated that the sequences of soil anti-erodibility and water stable aggregates contents were fully consistent; the water stable aggregates were the largest contribution (58.93%) to the soil anti-erodibility in all parameters. Moreover, stepwise regression demonstrated that the comprehensive evaluation value was Y=97.236+1.889 X₅(P<0.01,R²=1.00). Comprehensive analysis of the above parameters showed that BZQ enhanced the ecological functions of C. funebris forests in Sichuan hilly area; consequently, BZQ was the best planting pattern among five patterns studied. This study suggests that the pattern selection is very important, and clearcutting should especially be careful. The appropriate pattern could improve soil corrosion resistance and reduce soil erosion, whereas improper patterns would exacerbate soil erosion.

Key words: Cupressus funebris, low efficiency stands, reconstructing patterns, soil anti-erodibility

中图分类号:

范川, 周义贵, 李贤伟, 张健, 廖洪流, 李凤汀, 冯茂松. 柏木低效林改造不同模式土壤抗蚀性对比[J]. 林业科学, 2014, 50(6): 107-114.

Fan Chuan, Zhou Yigui, Li Xianwei, Zhang Jian, Liao Hongliu, Li Fengting, Feng Maosong. Comparison of Soil Anti-Erodibility of Different Modes for Reforming Low Efficiency Stands of Cupressus funebris[J]. Scientia Silvae Sinicae, 2014, 50(6): 107-114.

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